brian lamb: and alexander hamilton. we know it he died of. how old was he? when he was shot and killed? and what financial shape was he in? david stewart: 48. he was in pretty terrible shape. he had been a very successful lawyer, but he had a great many debts. which he left for his family. so these people were doing great things in the world, and they were not building fortunes. brian lamb: did he owned slaves? david stewart: hamilton did not own slaves. he was an abolitionist in new york. brian lamb: george washington at the end? david stewart: washington had money. he was a good is listening. -- he was a good businessman. he was a fine steward of his plantation. he left a great many slaves, and a great many of them were his wife's. he married her when she was a widow. he left in the will that his slaves should be freed when his wife died. that turned out not to be a good situation. it made mrs. washington very nervous because the slaves had a vested interest in having her die. so she just freed them herself. there was a tradition, of slaves poisoning their

mo rocca has a front row seat for the new show "hamilton." >> alexander hamilton was the only immigrant among the seven key founding fathers. came from nothing and helped forge a nation. ♪ now his story is a musical that has revolutionary as the man himself. >> that hip-hop music is the music of the revolution. >> from the page to the stage with alexander hamilton. ahead on "sunday morning." spoiler alert he dies. >> osgood: joe sartore photographs monarch butterflies taking flight. steve mart man watches a special delivery. seth doane marks the first anniversary of the disappearance of malaysia airlines flight 370. and more, first the headlines for this sunday morning the 8th of march, 2015. it's called bloody sunday, the day 50 years ago when civil rights protesters clashed with police in selma alabama. yesterday selma saw very different gathering on the edmund pettus bridge bill plante reported from selma 50 years ago and he was there for us to cover yesterday's events as well. >> with a perfect sky above, civil rights icons, members of congress former president and mrs. bush and t

some names are very familiar obviously alexander hamilton. you see a lot of him in this building if you take the tour. michael hilla guess -- michael hillegas was the first treasurer of the united states. i will show you portraits of people whose names might not be familiar. that is hillegas. samuel dexter appears on one of these fractional notes. there is gallatin. walker meredith. has anyone ever heard of these people? these are part of a forgotten. chase, mccullouch. this is meredith. here is john sherman that appears on the $50 bill. he was the brother of william tecumseh sherman. he is the fellow that crafted the sherman antitrust act. he is a name you have known although you probably couldn't put the name to the face. there he is. william wyndham -- windom. he was secretary of treasurer under harrison. he is long forgotten as well. the last one here is a gentleman , daniel manning. he appears on a $20 silver certificate. here is the bank note that had gallatin on it. this is an external narrowly denomination 41862. he looks like he left

hamilton as told by through the genius of lin-manuel miranda. what would you tell like 18-year-old or 19-year-old or 20-year-old lin-manuel miranda who is like working on "the heights" or someone else watching this saying i want to be -- i want to do this? what do you know now that you didn't know then? >> i know now that life is not short. it's long, which is the thing that washington keeps telling hamilton. >> that is a really good point. >> dying is easy. living is harder. to really get it right you think, oh, my gosh, look at this amazing first draft and and then you realize what ten whacks at it can do and then you realize, oh, i didn't know anything. i didn't know anything. and so i would just tell them to hang on in the words of outcast hold on, be strong. >> if you're watching that and you're a hip-hop head, a history buff, someone who loves musical theater or just loves things that are awesome, you're thinking to yourself how can i see that you're in luck. the run to the public is sold out but they announced they're moving to broadway a

it's really quite mad. >> the story of alexander hamilton is a story of ambitious 18th century immigrant from the caribbean. a man who bichir force of will helped lay down the foundation for a country. unique and quintessentialally american. how much was he a genius? >> surrounded by genius. >> more watching your show made me realize how much of a genius he was. >> yeah, because he was largely self-taught. he really wrote his way out of his circumstances and sort of played catch-up. he was reading about monetary policy during the revolutionary war in the event he'd be call to serve -- like he was thinking ten step as head. i think if that's the essence of jeengs if it's okay we have to win this war but figure out how to not be in perpetual revolution which is what we see all over the world today and time and time throughout history an america stick the landing and french revolution which goes -- which cycles from chaos to dictator robespierre and napoleon and says we're going this way and american really stuck the landing and it's a credit to one, you know, the virtue of coming up in the

it's about alexander hamilton. yeah, and it was at the public theater. tariq, you saw it too, right? quest, you saw it? >> questlove: yeah, yeah. >> jimmy: how amazing is this play? >> questlove: it's life changing. >> jimmy: i don't understand -- seriously. i don't even understand -- this guy's a genius. >> questlove: yeah, the guy -- >> jimmy: lin miranda. >> questlove: lin, he's amazing. >> jimmy: lin miranda is this guy. he did "in the heights." he wrote all the words, the music. but everybody's great in this play. every single person. the whole cast. i'm in love with the whole cast. >> questlove: yup. >> jimmy: everybody's phenomenal. he's like a rapping, but also it's a musical. it's about -- it's like, alexander hamilton rapping. i don't know how to describe it. >> tariq: it's a musical. it's about alexander hamilton. but all the dialogue is rapped. [ talking over each other ] [ laughter ] >> jimmy: isn't that kind of just what i said? i said that, right? >> questlove: you said it. >> jimmy: i said something

. >> that was part of my interview on the genius of founding father alexander hamilton. we'll bring you the story of how a hip hop musical about alexander hamilton became the musical of the year to see. our week long pap for seven days of genius. i will also speak with the man who invented the cayk-cup and why he wishes he hasn't. dn't. these are our cats, wolf and bear. the cat hair is so constant, it's like it's growing out of the floor. it drives me crazy. can we do something about this? (doorbell) woah. it's a swiffer sweeper. it's working like a magnet. ohhh! shed all you like, wolf. oh yea, that's coming down let's get some rocks, man. health can change in a minute. so cvs health is changing healthcare. making it more accessible and affordable with walk-in medical care, no appointments needed and most insurance accepted. minuteclinic. another innovation from cvs health. because health is everything. hey mom, you want to live by the lake, right? yeah. there's here. ♪ did you just share a listing with me? look at this one. it's got a great view of the lake. it's re

all spring what congress is doing is debating alexander hamilton's proposal to make capitalism the form of economic organization in the united states. stock market, banks, the funded debt with the provision the federal government could not pay off its debt at more than 2% a year because he recognized a funded debt in which the federal government paid the interest was a bond that held the wealthy classes of the country in support of the federal government. everything he wanted passed except for one thing, which was to assume into the federal debt most of the revolutionary war debt from the states. the southerners did not like that. they basically paid off their debt. secondly, that was not true of south carolina. who held all the debt? not southerners. they were owned by new yorkers and new englanders who have been speculating. in that part of the united states, the attitude against capitalism was not as strong as in the agrarian south. hamilton needed to get assumption, he was going to resign if he did not get assumption. he ran into thomas jefferson on broad street outside of president

one of the most commonly circulated notes the $10 features alexander hamilton and the $5 features benjamin franklin. sometimes your bill gets taken out of circulation the $10,000 or the $100,000. once you're on a paper bill you're on it for good. womenon20s.org. want a military man the face on the 20 the most likely candidate for replacement by a woman who has made a significant contribution to this country. i'm joined by douglas mudd curator of knew miss numismatic association. and incrementally throughout most of our history? >> yes ray basically money tends to be conservative overall throughout history and american money especially because of its international role, is very conservative. and tends to remain so and has been for roughly 100 years right now. >> when is the last time we changed a bill this any significant way apart from expanding the size of the portraits of franklin and grant and hamilton, have we really made a big splashy redesign of american money any time recently recently? >> not recently. the last time we had a major change, actually affected all american paper money.

. >> my name is alexander hamilton. my question is to mayor de blasio. i want to know how are you addressing the problems between blacks and the police. >> larry: okay. that was from one of our founding fathers. (laughter) (applause) that's how important this issue is, mayor de blasio! >> wow. whrearlarry, you are booking amazing guests. extraordinary. >> larry: what is the relationship now with the police? how is that beef? (laughter) is it like a west coast-east coast thing right now? >> no, thank god. a lot of work went into everyone finding a way to get on a better page because i think what happens is the people of this city saidics look, we went through a very painful situation. the death of eric gearn was extraordinarily painful. the assassination of two of our officers which really pulled at the hearts of new yorkers -- >> larry: it resonated with the entire country. >> it did. and i think the way forward is what everyone was looking for. what i said is we have to bring the police and community together. over the years, what's happened is we're di

hamilton and james madison intended for the congress to advise and consent in foreign policy within our political system. not to go out and directly deal with foreign leaders. that's the role of the chief executive and it's totally inappropriately politically and constitutionally. and moreover it's so clear that these republicans and this congress cares more about making sure barack obama doesn't succeed than they do in the national interest and security of the country. >> is this an irritation or something more serious than that? does this have the potential to scotch the whole deal? >> it does. if you're in there negotiating with the iranians and it makes it harder for them to make a deal for concern with their own politics politics about losing face. and it makes it harder to get there. and think of our allies, the british, the french, the germans, russians and chinese who are actually working on this. they say we're all working hard to get a common position and then you have this congress who really don't want any deal at all to be honest with you. i think it's not -- senator mc

c-span: what about alexander hamilton and thomas jefferson? if they were sitting here today and we're having these discussions, would they differ on anything? >> guest: obviously, they differed. but i--one of the--i think one of the most misleading characterizations of the founders is to focus on their differences. there were tremendous battles that took place during the founding area, jefferson vs. hamilton and so on. but those battles were over questions of how to implement a government that will protect the rights of man. everybody agreed on what the purpose of government was: securing human rights, securing property rights. the disagreement was: what should the role of government be in these relatively tangential areas or less-fundamental areas like, you know, `should there be a national bank? to what extent should government try to--actively to promote commerce? or should it just leave the economy free to develop on its own?' these arguments, which were huge battles back then, from the point of view of today, look like minor squabbles bec

hamilton, thomas jefferson, his wife, and james monroe. brian lamb: david stewart, your book, what was madison's gift? david stewart: it is a double meaning. his gift is the ability to form remarkable partnerships with the great people of his era. but it also alludes to his gift to the country of his talents and what he was able to do to help create the first self-sustaining constitutional republic. brian lamb: you were a clerk in the supreme court. on the circuit court of appeals. you are a clerk to davis babylon. what did you see when you were a clerk of madison's impact on the way that the courts operate? david stewart: and the courts of appeals, i didn't feel that i saw much. in the supreme court, and i was there a year of course, you are dealing with basic constitutional issues. you are always going back to the federalism. that is the most immediate impact that madison -- the constitution is not self-executing or self explaining. the federalist has had an enduring impact in terms of what did they really think they were doing, how did

thomas jefferson thought -- did not like alexander hamilton at all. but one of the things he could not stand about hamilton was the ostentation of the treasury, that they had an entire town house filled with rooms with records and cabinets. this room and that room. jefferson kept all the records of the secretary of state in a desk. [laughter] and the size of the federal government did -- this idea of a federal core, did not enter into it. he did not write about defense or security, at least not in the sense of placing cannons down the long avenues as taught today in d.c. schools. not in every school. never spoke of it. all defense of the city in 1791 was about defending rivers. no one fathomed that a powerful enemy would come over land in washington dc. fort washington is an example. he certainly could not fathom the prospect of motorized vehicles used as bombs or restricted airspace. [laughter] protecting against underground biochemical attacks. other silences do less to sort of debunk misconceptions and create an open space for readings two centurie

alexander hamilton wrote about the role of the senate and the international treaties. he talked about the limitation making power of the president and it was one that hamilton recognized specifically as a distinction from the english monarch. the president is to have power with the advice and consent of the senate to make treaties provided by the senators present to conquer. i can think of few negotiations where that kind of conference is more important. over the last 30 years they've waged a war against the united states and our allies. they are the number one state sponsor of terrorism. through his client has the lobby flooded tv code launched strikes, murdered innocent civilians and murdered as you know, hundreds of american marines. iranian made guns and iuds have killed our switchers in iraq and afghanistan. and the iranian revolutionary guard trained shia militias on how to launch attacks on our military assets. and now the number one sponsor of international terrorism, the country that calls america the great satan and places israel into the sea is racing to obt

alexander hamilton wrote about the role of the senate in international treaties. he talked about the limitation on the treaty-making power of the president. and it was one that hamilton recognized specifically as a distinction from the english monarch. he wrote and i quote "the president is to have power with the advice and consent of the senate to make treaties provided 2/3 of the senators present concur." i can think of few negotiations where that kind of concurrence and unity of purpose is more important. over the last 30 years iran has waged a shadow war against the united states and against our allies. they are the number one state sponsor of terrorism. through its client hezbollah it has launched terror strikes that have undermined the stability of its neighbors, murdered innocent civilians, in fact murdered as you know hundreds of american marines in lebanon. iranian-made guns and ieds have killed our soldiers in iraq and in afghanistan. and iranian revolutionary guard have trained shia militias on how to better launch attacks on our military assets. and no

alexander hamilton. i want to know about that dual. c-span: here is the book, the man in the mirror. thank you very much. >> thank you. >> the redesigned book notes website features over 800 notable nonfiction authors interviewed about their books. you can use the searchable database and find links to the other's blogs websites, facebook websites, facebook pages and twitter feeds. book notes .org, a helpful research tool and a great way to enjoy authors and their books. >> i would like to get a started with a question which we have discussed briefly in e-mails. exactly what is meant by narrative techniques in writing history and what are the limits. >> are you looking at me? >> whoever wants to -- >> there is a lot that we can say about this. we are a fiction and non-fiction intersects. all three. all three of us intergroup -- all three of us agree that we are not the sort of writers will make anything up in the context of writing nonfiction. you don't make up little details, embellish, say how anyone was feeling at a given a given mom

i learned a lot of things about alexander hamilton. it all began because of a biography that the guy who created the musical took with him on a vacation. he took the book with him. he came back and said, i can do this. michael: this is a musical. he's not the only one who took the book on a vacation. charlie: that is why he is a genius. it is hip-hop. it is brilliant. i love it. the inspiration about character. his life, when you think about it, it is the guy who lost his life in a duel. a question about whether he fired his gun in the air because he wants to die. michael: biographers have the response voting to include boring stuff. that is a burden. charlie: editors have the responsibility to take it out [laughter] michael: i do not feel the urge. charlie: do you have any urge to do anything you are not doing? michael: i have been trying and failing to get a tv show on the air. different tv shows. charlie: give me one. michael: the one i am handing in, showtime, they commissioned me to write a pilot for a drama set in wall street in

thomas jefferson did not like alexander hamilton at all. but one of the things he could not stand about hamilton was the ostentation of the treasury, that they had an entire town house filled with rooms with records and cabinets. this room and that room. jefferson kept all the records of the secretary of state in a desk. [laughter] and the size of the federal government did -- this idea of a federal core, did not enter into it. he did not write about defense or security, at least not in the sense of placing cannons down the long avenues as taught today in d.c. schools. not in every school. anyway he never spoke of it. all defense of the city in 1791 was about defending rivers. no one fathomed that a powerful enemy would come over land in washington d.c. fort washington is an example. he certainly could not fathom the prospect of motorized vehicles used as bombs or something called restricted airspace. [laughter] protecting against underground biochemical attacks. other silences do less to sort of debunk misconceptions and create an open spa

when i was proposed, the people of 83 countries under the bill of rights i think was alexander hamilton said what is the point of the bill of rights but people wanted the bill of rights so they wrote one for greater caution and 48 amendments they outlined the rights they were protected and the ninth amendment for even greater caution they said the enumeration of certain rights in this constitution shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. retained as an important rule. the constitution does not grant people their rights. people are to have their rights and the constitution guaranteed they would retain them. the 10th amendment said and by the way the powers not granted to the federal government are reserved for states or the people so it's a redundant system to protect our rights and freedoms from a libertarian point of view. but compared to the rest of the world and the rest of history it worked fairly well. so in general i think it is a bad idea to talk about voting to give away our rights. in fact that is what inalienable rights means. it means you can

hamilton who said what is the point of the bill of rights when the constitution gives the government the power to violate rights so they wrote one for greater caution and for the amendments the outline of the rights they were protecting and defending the ninth amendment for even greater caution they said the admiration of certain rights in the constitution shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. people already had their rights and they guaranteed that they would retain them and in the tenth amendment except by the way any power not granted are reserved for the states or the people so it is a redundant system to protect our rights and freedoms but didn't entirely work but compared to the rest of the world it worked fairly well. i think it is a bad idea to talk about voting to give away our rights and that is what variable rights teens. people sometimes challenge libertarians. you can sell your soul for an extended contract but he couldn't sell himself into slavery. so we would be better off protecting all of our rights and freedoms and if people want

hamilton, thomas jefferson, his wife, and james monroe. brian lamb: david stewart, your book, what was madison's gift? david st

this is alexander hamilton, who himself was a lawyer, wrote when -- what he called the real character of the executive. in that now-famous paper, among other things he discussed the take care clause of the constitution. basically taking care that the laws are faithfully executed. he explained ha ha -- that as a cornerstone of the founders' division of limited and divided government and in many ways, the chief exec offensive of our nation as president plays the most fundamental role. he is the one charged with ensuring that our laws and our constitution is honored respected, faux followed by those many thousands of public servants law enforcement personnel, executive officials who run the many arms of our government. i think this is a critical topic. i'm glad you're taking it up. in my view president obama has too often failed to perform this crucial role laid out by alexander hamilton. he has not taken care that our laws are faithfully executed. in our law michigan like our daily laws, it's easy to take the easy path and all of us do that from time to time, shortcuts. in the case of g

alexander hamilton said what is the point of a bill of rights when the constitution gives the government no power to violate rights? but people wanted the bill of rights so they wrote one, for greater caution and for eight amendments they outlined the rights they were protecting and then in the ninth amendment, for even greater caution, they said, the enumeration of certain rights in this constitution shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retaped by the people. retained is an important word. the stuffings dill not grand people their rights. people already had their rights and the constitution guaranteed they would retain them, and then in the tenth amendment it said and by the way any powers not granted to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people. so we're sort of a trip -- triply redundant system. didn't entirely work but compared to the rest of the world is worked well. i think it's a bad idea to talk about voting to give away our rights. in fact that is what inalienable rights means. it mean means you can't give them away sometimes people challenge

alexander hamilton had advocated this allocation of power. writing as a general rule of thumb, this is from federalist 1974 "one man appears to be a more eligible dispenser of the mercy of government than a body of men." this was true even in cases of treason were hamilton argued that substantive and procedural concerns militated in favor of vesting the executive of the power of reprieve. even as late as 1862, as the war was underway, congress had enacted legislation reinforcing this constitutional structure and authorizing the president of the united states to extend pardon and amnesty to persons who had participated in rebellion. this procedure written into section three for the removal of political disabilities marked a significant and mysterious departure in the adjudication of claims of amnesty under our constitutional system. subsequent congressional legislation purporting to relieve all but a select few persons reinforced the singularity of the provisions. as i mentioned there was no , judicial pronouncement about the mandate, about wh

alexander hamilton and it all began because of a biography that the guy who created the musical took with him on a vacation and he took the book with him and it was ron churos book and he said i can do this. >> this is a musical. >> rose:. >> he is the only one who took that book on vacation. >> rose: that's why sea genius exactly why sea genius. >> sea genius to have the nerve to do it after he thought about it. >> and it is brilliant. i mean i just love that, the inspiration about character and because his life when you think about it, he lost his life in a dual and the question as to whether he fired up in the air, did he want to do die because he told his son to do that. this is just magic. so. >> so buying ferre also have responsibility to include a lot of boring stuff, you know. that is a burden. >> rose: editors have the responsibility to take it out. yes? >> i am sorry. i just don't feel the urge. i just don't feel the urge. >> do you have any urge to do anything you are not doing? >> yes. absolutely. >> rose: what? >> i have been trying and failing for a decade to get a tv s

and so did james madison, so did alexander hamilton, so did john marshall. so, there are answers. but people are busy. and will they take the time to listen? annenberg foundation has a whole series of films and teaching devices. justice kennedy gave a speech about this years ago, which, in part, led to justice o'connor developing icivics and icivics has millions of hits. and he's trying to do the same thing. they're trying to -- in boston at this moment, in one week, they'll open senator kennedy's institute. what that is a model of the senate and there are little hand-held computers which will make you the senator, if you're a school kid, and will then give you problems and you'll learn how the senate works. and maybe that will go out over the internet to classrooms. and they need one for the house. rep. rigell: outstanding. justice breyer: and so gradually, i think, and very enthusiastic, that it is possible to use the devices that we have now. rep. rigell: oh, yes. justice breyer: to teach -- when scalia and i have done go to texas and talk to a large number of school kids, and

one group led by amanda said alexander hamilton and george washington wanted a powerful government. apart from a popularly elected house of representatives madison's original proposal in different localities. the senate was to be selected by the house, the president by the chamber of commerce and the congress would have veto authority of state legislation. finally comes the liver patient would have authority to monitor and veto state laws or federal laws. meanwhile the congress would have enormously wide discretion. it could legislate in all cases to which the separate states are incompetent or in which the harmony of the united states may be interrupted by the exercise of individual legislation. the virginia plan is a truly national plan of government. opponents rallied to a proposal when patterson of natures which called for slight alterations to articles of confederation which had a limited power and parochial orientation. under the new jersey plan the continental congress would acquire those tax and an executive council would be created to provide direction to public policy. the

we have answers and so did james madison, alexander hamilton, john marshall. there are answers. people are busy. will they take the time to listen? ok. a foundation has a whole series of films and teaching devices. justice kennedy gave a speech about this years ago which led to justice o'connor developing icivics. icivics has millions of hits and he is trying to do the same thing. they are trying to, in boston at this moment, they will open senator kennedy's institute. that is a marvel of the senate. they are little handheld computers that will make you the senator, and then give you problems and you will learn how the senate works and maybe that will go out over the internet to classrooms. and the need one for the house. gradually, i think it is possible to use the devices we have now to teach. as we have done, we go to texas and talk to a large number of schoolkids and they get interested. and they see we have differences of opinion that are not personal and they see agreement is more important than the differences -- fabulous. you see the enthusiasm in my voice. i love seeing

. >> alexander hamilton and john marshall. so there are answers. people are busy and will they take the time to hissen? an enberg foundation has a whole series of films and teaching devices. justice kent gave a speech about this years ago which in part led to justice o'connor developing icivics, and icivics has millions of hits and is trying to do the same thing. they're trying to -- in boston at this moment in one week they'll open senator kennedy's institute, and that's a model of the senate and little hand helled computers which will make you the senator, if you're a school kid, and give you problems, and youlash how the senate works, and maybe that will good it over the entity net to classrooms and they need one for the house, and i think it's is possible to use the devices that we have now -- >> oh, yes. >> to teach -- we go to texas and talk to a large number of school kids and they get interested and see we have differences of opinion that are not personal, and they see that agreement is more important than the differences. fabulous. and so

and among them he asked john jay and alexander hamilton and james madison to write. and they all wrote something called the federalist papers which he thought was the best collection of papers he'd ever read on government. and there you could see in his letters back to madison that he finally figured out exactly what madison meant by these balance of powers, because it's so nicely explained in the federalist papers. and so with that he adopts, he sort of understands this notion of the balance of powers. but he trusted madison initially enough to run with that. and so that's where this idea of balance of powers between the branches comes from. now, he had such a strong presidency because -- we hear we , we know this because of what they wrote -- because washington had been willing to give up power after the revolution. the british propagandists constantly said why are you revolting, they'd say to the american, to give up one king george king george iii for another one because every reeve pollution their leader -- revolutionary leader always becomes a tyrant. look at n

and so did james madison so did alexander hamilton so did john marshall. so,there are answers. but people are busy. and will they take the time to listen? annenberg foundation has a whole series of films and teaching devices. justice kennedy gave a speech about this years ago which, in part, let to justice o'connor developing icivics and icivics has millions of hits. and he's trying to do the same thing. they're frying to -- in boston at this moment n one week they'll open senator kennedy's institute. what that is a model of the senate and there are little hand-held computers which will make you the senator f you're a school kid and will then give you problems and you'll learn how the senate works. and maybe that will go out over the internet to classrooms. and they need one for the house. >> outstanding. >> and so gradually, i think and very enthusiastic, that it is possible to use the devices that we have now. >> oh yes. >> to teach -- when scalia and i have done go to texas and talk to a large number of school kids and they get interested. and they see that we have differenc