pearl harbor. then, in 1980, my father, who is with the 27th entry regiment, he comes home and tells me he met murdo watson. she is my unsung hero of pearl harbor. the unsung -- she was an army nurse at schofield station hospital. so he says, myrtle is willing to tell you her story, and what a compelling story she had. bill: back in 1979, oral histories were not that common. what did you do -- write things down -- record people? paul: both. what you just said, i am not the pioneer of oral histories for pearl harbor. back then, i did some research. there were not a lot of books on oral histories of pearl harbor. i thought maybe i have a good topic. i was the first one to see it through to the end, and compile a book -- an oral history book with narratives from pearl harbor survivors, and once my contact, myrtle watson -- she was actively involved in the pearl harbor survivors association -- she opened the door for me through the chapter. they vouched for me with the national association to get my fo

we remember pearl harbor. we remember the response by america's sons and daughters who brought the broad stripes and bright stars through many perilous bites. at coral see, at north africa, at midway water canal, at the atntains, at normandie, okinawa, and we honor sacrifices made during world war ii by the many allied nations. so that the world could see freedom renewed. today, we work with allies and partners across the globe to protect those hard won freedoms, including our staunch ally japan. reconciliation turned once bitter enemies into the closest of friends, united by shared values and shared interests, yet another lasting legacy of that greatest generation. ladies and gentlemen, as we look upon the majestic uss arizona memorial behind me, take comfort in knowing that our departed world war ii veterans continue to stand vigilant watch as guardian angels of our nation. i will conclude by saying the joint forces have assumed liberty's mantle, passed down in an unbroken chain, watch to watch for 75 years.

for all pearl harbor survivors. all pearl harbor survivors and other world ii veterans invited to stand as able. mr. stratton will now return the salute to uss halsey. [applause] >> carry on. pearl harbor survivors and world war ii veterans, please be seated. we thank the uss halsey and 199th and 19th fighter squadrons for participating in today's ceremony. in the hawaiian culture, the religious leader or spiritual advisor is known as a kahu. today we're pleased to have for our invocation a hawaiian blessing offered. ♪ [speaking foreign language] our eternal father in heaven -- [speaking foreign language] -- good morning, heavenly father. our dear creator, my blessing this day is for the sacred presence of our pearl harbor survivors who are physically here. my prayer also is dedicated to the great heroes who lost their lives that day. we're also spiritually here sitting and walking among us. heavenly father, i come before for --bly and ask to make things right finally and righteous and to ask for a forgiveness. fo

to my the first lady of pearl harbor. she was an army nurse at schofield -- i'm sorry -- yeah, at schofield station hospital. so he says, well, myrtle is willing to tell you her story and what a compelling story myrtle had. >> back in 1979 oral histories were not that common so you start into this effort. what did you do? did you write things down? did you record people? >> both. >> yeah. >> yeah, what you just said is probably -- i'm not the pioneer of oral histories for pearl harbor, but because back then i did some research, there weren't a lot of books on oral histories of pearl harbor and i thought maybe i have a good topic here. i was the first one probably to see it through to the end to actually come up and compile an oral history book with narratives from pearl harbor survivors. once my contact, myrtle watson, she was actively involved with the pearl harbor survivors association. so she opened the door to me for that chapter and they vouched more me with the national association and that really opened the floodga

-- pearl harbor. thank you and welcome. the me ask you how pearl harbor changed the course of history. ian: in many ways. i could go on answering the question for the hour. i think it was a critical moment not just for our country, but for the world. it launched this country onto the global stage after a period in which we had been an isolationist country and were i am large, the american people were not interested in participating in the second world war or affairs beyond our shores. pearl harbor virtually changed that overnight. it led to a long period of american nationalist leadership that continues today. host: in researching this book, did your views on pearl harbor change at all? ian: certainly. i have written on the political impacts on the attack as well as the military impacts. they are closely related. the attack on pearl harbor was an extraordinarily well executed attack from the japanese point of view. former speaker of the house newt gingrich tweeted out to the effect that the japanese a

program on the attack the on pearl harbor. we're talking about ian toll is and his back "pacific crucible." 202-748-8901 for mountain and pacific. for world war ii vets, 202-748-8902. we look forward to your comments on twitter as wel well @cspanhistory. glen, welcome to the program. >> caller: hi. thank you for having me. would you ask the author to talk about the purple hearts that issued to the members of the honolulu fire department, which my understanding the only purple hearts ever issued to civilians outside the military specifically. >> thanks, glen. >> glen, i have heard about these purple hearts. you may know more about it than i do. of course the attacks resulted in an enormous amount of anti-aircraft fire coming up from the navy yard and the various air bases around oahu that were attacked by japanese planes that morning. those anticipate-aircraft shells, many of them fell into the residential districts of honolulu creating several fires, causing a number of casualties. and so all the first responders, is civilian

fleet at pearl harbor. next, the us navy and national parks service mark the 75th anniversary of the attack with a ceremony at pearl harbor. admiral harry harris, head of the u.s. pacific command, delivers the keynote address. just under 90 minutes. >> good morning, ladies and gentlemen and welcome to today's joint national parks service united states navy pearl harbor rem brans day ceremony. i am robert franklin, deputy chief of staff for the commander naval surface group and i'm truly honored to serve as today's master of ceremonies on this historic 75th anniversary. this year's theme is honoring the past, inspiring the future. today we will pay tribute to those members of the greatest generation who paved the way here in pearl harbor for current and future generations throughout the world. will the guests please rise, as able, for arrival of the official party. the official party for today's ceremony includes miss jacqueline ashwell, superintendent world war ii valor in the pacific national monument nati

harbor japanese survivors in pearl harbor. to thing that set me back at first in japan in 1958, i had established an economic relationship --... and to think that 75 years ago we were on the brink of war. it is also moving for me to be here discussing pearl harbor, very sanely in this moon in washington. and it's always been a symbol of japanese u.s. relationship and friendship. people do things, so do not have enough courage to misjudge, >> host: how many americans were in japan in 1941 and how many got stuck there throughout the war? >> guest: americans of japanese passports in total at least the number is around 100. >> host: just 100. >> guest: just 100. they included people like walter rose, people with dual passports and people who are stuck just visiting family with japanese propaganda appeared many of their students as well. >> host: joses is group? >> guest: the ambassadors to japan in a counterpart in washington. he was married to someone who is the grandest as matthew perry who forced japan by diplomacy. tenth centu

the drama of pearl harbor unfolded here. we're at the "uss nevada" memorial placed here in 1983 by the navy league. the "uss nevada" had witnessed the beginning of the attack on battleship row just about 7:55. the harbor was fully being struck by the japanese navy. part of that assault was a torpedo that was dropped and struck the "nevada." she would suffer during the attack six bomb hits and a torpedo hit. at a quarter to 9:00, the "uss nevada" made a decision with the crew that was frightened and yet wanted to get out of the harbor. it was decided by the crew and its officers that it would try to get under way. it was extremely fortunate that two of her boilers were already lit. normally it would take nearly 2 1/2 hours to get a ship under way of her size but she had the power. and now she had the will. led by lieutenant francis thomas, he directs the chief quartermaster to wheel her out and pull away. at that same moment, chief hill goes over to the mooring kwas and drops a line. up and down battleship row they now look a

>> guest: it's really amazing factors to pearl harbor mystery today that we found one in pearl harbor than 186 he is enfolded up and they had no signs of human life as all. the two officers aboard the submarine escaped into the wind japanese-american population. one of the many things they have a different opinion, one of the things that upset me greatly is after he receives his warning that they are still sitting there but the youngest members aboard and only one boilerplate, which means most of them don't even have electricity to defend themselves. out of all the things mr. kimmel could have done, you could've done that. >> host: bodies in lincoln, nebraska. >> caller: high, and ms. hotta already answered my primary question by half an hour ago about the education system over what was being taught about the war. i will have to go to my backup question regarding the doolittle raid. after doolittle took off and quite frankly insignificant damage, though outlays that political thinking after the doolittle raid and what was the repercussions of the chain of command as cyrus halladay tha

i want to show the pearl harbor expense. why did you make that first one that particular individual? mr. travers: it set the scene for a while as a tropical paradise -- a vacationland. when my dad finally enlisted, to him, it was an all expense paid vacation to hawaii. of course, a year later, it turned into a nightmare for him and the other pearl harbor veterans. travers, guest is paul author of "eyewitness to infamy -- an oral history of pearl harbor, december 7, 1941." this was originally published in 1991, on the 50th anniversary. after that, did more veterans contact you? mr. travers: yes, after the book was first for bush in 1991, i had a number of veterans contact me, and i went out and got there narrative. -- got their narrative. i said there were no guarantees there would be an update to the book. but good, chlamydia the angels of pearl harbor were looking out for me, but a few years ago -- but good karma -- the angels of pearl harbor were looking out ago, the few years book and been out of print, but they said are

this is not after the attack on pearl harbor. macarthur's headquarters had ample warning we were at war, and yet this extraordinary attack was permitted to occur. why did that happen? the questions are still being asked and have not been answered. i think it is likely what happened was macarthur and his that of staff were hoping if they did not make any sort of hostile to 20 japanese -- hostile move toward the japanese, that they might be spared. that is the most likely explanation. the commanders at the herpes and called -- at the air base had called manila. two perhaps launch airstrikes on japanese airfield. they were essentially grounded. they were not given any orders. macarthur was never held to account for that. i think it is somewhat of a mystery. time the american people and leadership in washington focused on what was happening in thephilippines, by then american press had chosen to show macarthur is making a heroic stand. it shows that how news is reported in an arbitrary way and can shape public perception, and that ca

pacific fleet at pearl harbor and the island's defenses. almost 400 americans were killed, and 1200 wounded. 20 when ships and vessels, and almost 350 aircraft were destroyed or damaged. the surprise attack led to u.s. entry in world war ii. next, american history tv to us some of the attack sites and memorials at pearl harbor, part of the national park service world war ii valor in the pacific national monument, including several stops within the bounds of the pearl harbor naval station, and off-limits to the general public. >> aloha, and welcome to pearl harbor. my name is daniel martinez, and i serve as the chief historian for the national park service at the home of the uss arizona memorial. we are here today to take you on a guided tour of this historic resource where the attack on pearl harbor, and the attack on oahu to place. the resources here are unbelievable. we are standing right now at ground zero. this is where it all began at pearl harbor. but not the attack. the attack had actually unfolded most 10 minutes earlier at the airf

pearl harbor changed that virtually overnight. and it led to this long period of american leadership that continues today. host: in researching this book writings, did your views on pearl harbor change at all? ian: certainly. written both the political impact on pearl harbor and the military impacts, and their closely related. but the attack on pearl harbor, i think, was really an extraordinarily well executed attack from the japanese point of view. former speaker of the house newt gingrich two days ago tweeted that tweet to the effect the japanese attack had been technically brilliant, and was criticized for that. want totever else you say about newt gingrich, i think he was right in this instance. congratulated the japanese by saying that this was an extraordinarily brilliant attack, tactically it was. the japanese accomplished that have never been accomplished before and came two thirds the way across the pacific ocean and an a cute, coordinated airstrike. that was something beyond american capabilities, but you capabilities of

a surprise attack on pearl harbor, in theory, was not a surprise. the reality was a surprise, however. >> what was japan like in 1941? what was going on? injapan was already at war 1941. japan had been engaged in a inld cup west that started 1937. trying to conquer china. but theyuered cities didn't quite get the whole country under control and they kept saying that they were leaping from victory to victory, which was true but they were not winning the war. wonder,ere starting to this war that was supposed to be over in one month, after four years it hasn't ended. what is going on. the most acute sign of this prolonged war that they didn't was going was their hunger. the rationing system had been put into effect in april of 1941. the main target was the rice, which has such a huge place in japanese diet. they don't have anything else. rice is the thing and as long as they have rice they are healthy. but they don't have this rice. anothere to do with kind and even then they have to dilute it with potato or something. in early 1941, by the fall of 194

those who survived pearl harbor left us a warning remember pearl harbor and keep america alive he eternal vigilance is the price of liberty and don't ever be caught by strategic surprise again but again 15 years ago we were surprised by a major attack on our soil not by a nation state but by terrorism as before in the preceding decade alarm bells were ringing. even as we worked hard to understand nobody could have anticipated the methodology the twine -- behind those attacks in new york on that day. there is the passage in the good book for those who responded in 1941 and did in 2001. god was searching for the man with the right stuff to embark on a dangerous mission to a dangerously and throat whom shall i send? to show gophers and i cns said send me. send me. with our nation was attack 75 years ago today and then began six years later in the york lady liberty called out of her pain and anguish to south -- shall i send everywhere soldiers and sailors and civilians called out here am i america. send me. here i am. send me. [cheers and applause] america is the country because of young men

harbor japanese survivors in pearl harbor. the thing that set me back at first in japan in 1958, established an academic relationship with some of the japanese which turned into a very positive social relationship primarily in yokohama with a family who survived world war ii as well as three officers of the japanese army. >> anything you would like to answer in response to what dan had to say? >> very moving to hear stories like that and to think five years ago we were on the brink of war. also moving for me to be here discussing pearl harbor in washington and washington has always been the symbol of japanese/us relationships. and misjudge -- >> how many got stuck throughout the war. it is a round hundred. they included people with passports visiting families and used by japanese propaganda. there is another book to be written about their experiences as well. >> host: who was joseph grew? >> guest: a japanese ambassador to japan. and ambassador in washington. he was married to someone who was the grandniece, forced japan to ot

on pearl harbor. now on booktv on c-span2, a three-hour discussion of that day, what led up to and it it's aftermath. we have three authors. eri hotta, steve twomey,y, and craig nelson, ladies and gentlemen, each of you in your book about pearl harbor and that era ask the question, why did japan attack the u.s.? eri hotta? >> my conclusion was that they really didn't know what they were doing, to be act. the didn't really have a coherent decisionmaking process. nobody was responsible, they felt, and nobody was brave enough to step in and say, well, this war that they are contemplating was crazy so let stop. i think people felt that somebody else should be blamed for that kind of cowardice. the military dictatorship but felt that they had to keep up the appearances for each other so that it was a complicated system of sort of passing on the responsibility to each other and everybody backing off. >> steve twomey? >> mine is the same. almost a leap into an abyss. i was in attack more and more of hope tha

those who survived pearl harbor also left us a warning -- remember pearl harbor. keep america alert. eternal vigilance is the price of liberty. and imperative to never be caught by strategic surprise again. but 15 years ago we were again surprised by a major attack on our soil. not by a nation-state this time, but by terrorists. as before, in the preceding decades, alarm bells had been ringing. even as we worked hard to understand those alarms, few if any could have anticipated the methodology behind those events in new york and shanksville and the pentagon on that fateful autumn day. now, i'm not a preacher man. in fact, the chief of chaplains is in the audience here but there is a passage in the good book which defines for me who those who responded in 1941 and again in 2001 are. you see, in isaiah, god was searching for the right man. a man with the right stuff, if you will. a man to embark on a dangerous mission and go into a dangerous land. whom shall i send? who shall go for us? it was isaiah who responded, "here am i, lord. send me." here am i. send me. pow

after pearl harbor. how different was the world and how different was the united states after pearl harbor. what changes were made. it was the holiday season of 1941. it wasn't any different than it was in 1940 or 1939. or other years just before that in peacetime. about the impact of the war, didn't make a difference in our lives, immediately. collector of bubblegum cards. largely baseball cards, as quick as could be, the bubblegum makers came out with four cards -- war cards. i collected is when i was a kid. i brought them to show you. one of the heroes of my book was winston churchill. war cards. in the less of a hero in my book but never the less a major they gear was general macarthur. becausee so important we needed a hero. he wasn't much of one that he was there in the philippines. he became card number one among the war cards. they taught us a lot about what was going on and they also taught a lot about what was going on. -- not going on. soon after pearl harbor, the philippines were invaded. sin

harbor naval station, and off-limits to the general public. >> aloha, and welcome to pearl harbor. my name is dana martinez, and i serve as the chief historian. we are here today to take you on a guided to her tour of this historic resource of the attack on pearl harbor, and the attack on oahu to place. we're standing at ground zero. this is where it all began at pearl harbor. but not the attack. the attack had actually unfolded most 10 minutes earlier at the airfields at wheeler. that is the naval air station, and the marine base. but at 7:55, the time that everybody remembers, the attack happened here. below me is a bomb crater. this bomb crater is a 500 pound bomb that is in circular patterns with shrapnel scraps running out on either side. it is the most tangible bomb crater we have here at pearl harbor. this is where the dive bombers came in, and dropping these 500 pound bombs on what is known as the pby ramp. what is over the shoulders is hangar number six. it was destroyed during the attack. following up would be the zero fighters, strafing this with 20 millimeter cannon. th

they attempted to penetrate pearl harbor. they may have contributed to the capsizing of the battleship oklahoma, although the crews did not survive. there is some debate about what those submarines achieved. it was hoped they might be able to recover the crews of those submarines. none of them were recovered. as for the main carrier air attack, it largely went off as planned. it was a tactically brilliant success. they lost only 29 planes. none of their ships were scratched. although they expected a counter attack on their fleet, and had even assumed they might lose as many as 2 aircraft carriers. host: we have plenty of calls for ian. norman from michigan, welcome to the program. caller: hi, i would just like to ask mr. toll, in 1939, there was a battle between the soviet union and the japanese in manchuria. it was considered a decisive battle, some say in history. i would like to know if that had a bearing on the japanese decision to strike at the americans in pearl harbor. host: thanks, i think we have it there. ian toll?

>> guest: it's really amazing factors to pearl harbor mystery today that we found one in pearl harbor than 186 he is enfolded up and they had no signs of human life as all. the two officers aboard the submarine escaped into the wind japanese-american population. one of the many things they have a different opinion, one of the things that upset me greatly is after he receives his warning that they are still sitting there but the youngest members aboard and only one boilerplate, which means most of them don't even have electricity to defend themselves. out of all the things mr. kimmel could have done, you could've done that. >> host: bodies in lincoln, nebraska. >> caller: high, and ms. hotta already answered my primary question by half an hour ago about the education system over what was being taught about the war. i will have to go to my backup question regarding the doolittle raid. after doolittle took off and quite frankly insignificant damage, though outlays that political thinking after the doolittle raid and what was the repercussions of the chain of command as cyrus halladay tha

the bookend is pearl harbor. hiroshima without pearl harbor. japanese prime minister to come to pearl harbor and see what they wronged. arizona to pay respects to the people his 1941.y killed in i think it is part of the healing process. -- what may surprise some viewers, the way our government handled pearl harbor, talking about years after the event. when you would visit pearl they changed the the film e 1990s, almost didn't -- the film you would watch as a visitor to the site, l park service hardly mentioned the japanese, that is because the u.s. navy build stronger relationship with japan and japan's noseto push into the dirt of pearl harbor. reasons.or political well, in the 1990s, the film alked about japanese expansionism, imperialism, japanese objectives and made it aggressor, was the united states didn't force the japanese to attack pearl harbor. historically accurate picture. the united states for a long cold war was not sure how to deal with japan about pearl harbor. we've reached ow the point, long enough in the past, that the japan

this is where it all began at pearl harbor. the attack had actually unfolded most 10 minutes earlier at the airfields at wheeler. and the marine base. at 7:55, the time that everybody remembers, the attack happened here. below me is a bomb crater. this bomb crater is a 500 pound bomb that is in circular patterns with shrapnel scraps running out on either side. it is the most tangible bomb crater we have here at pearl harbor. this is where the dive bombers came in, and dropping these 500 pound bombs on what is known as the pb wide ramp. ist is over the shoulders hangar number six. following up would be the zero fighters, strafing this with 20 millimeter cannon. these nine aircraft wreaked havoc on an apron of aircraft of seaplanes and assorted utility aircraft that were now being consumed by the devastation of the attack. when the bomb hit, it blew shrapnel through the air and along a path here on the concrete. you can see the holes dug into this concrete. was patched.is concrete does not like to be prepared -- repaired. we can

we remember pearl harbor. we remember the response by america's sons and daughters who brought the broad stripes and bright stars through many fights. at north africa, at midway, at the mountains, at normandy, at okinawa and ee with a gee ma. we honor sacrifices made during world war ii by the many allied nations. so that the world could see freedom renewed. today we work with allies and partners across the globe to protect those hard won freedoms, including our staunch ally japan. wrereconciliation turned bitter enemies into the closest of friends, united by shared values and shared interests, yet another lasting legacy of that greatest generation. ladies and gentlemen, as we look upon the majestic uss arizona memorial behind me, take comfort in knowing that our departed veterans continue to stand vigilant watch as guardian angels of our nation. i will conclude by saying the joint forces have assumed liberty's mantle, passed down in an unbroken chain, watch to watch for 75 years. no one and i mean no one shou

pearl harbor. let's listen. >> uss arizona memorial. together with president obama, i paid a visit to that memorial, the resting place for many souls. it was a place which brought utter silence to me. inscribed there are the names of the servicemen who lost their lives. sailors and marines hailing from california and new york, michigan and texas, and various other places, serving to uphold their noble duty of protecting the homeland they loved, lost their lives. amidst searing flames that day when aerial bombing tore the uss arizona in 2. even 75 years later, the uss arizona now at rest atop the seabed is the final resting place for a tremendous number of sailors and marines. listening again as i focus my senses, alongside the song of the breeze and the rumble of the rolling waves, i can almost discern the voices of those crewmen. voices of the lively conversations, upbeat and at ease on that day, sunday morning. voices of young servicemen talking to each other about their futures and dreams. voice

naval base in pearl harbor, drawing the u.s. in world war ii. today our nation marked the 75th anniversary of that day that will live in infamy. though their numbers are now dwindling, dozens of survivors returned to the site today for the commemoration. nbc's miguel almaguer is there for us tonight. ♪ >> reporter: marking the moment that changed the course of history, with silence. today the nation remembers what these men will never forget. >> shooting up the planes. >> reporter: alfred rodriguez back at pearl harbor, 75 years after firing a 30-caliber machine gun at japanese war planes. >> when the alarm sounded, he said man your battle stations this is not a drill. >> reporter: only dozens of survivors in attendance this year. their numbers may be fading, but not their memories from that day. jimmy lee was 11 when from this very shore he watched what no boy should. >> here come these planes. never saw anything like that, with the noise, you know, the roar of the planes. and that's where i tell you the 11-year-old boy just grew up all of a

in this instance, the attack on pearl harbor. we will look at the uss chu, the destroyer of the battle. it is a world war i-era destroyer meaning that had a 4 a littleks and was slower than the contemporary destroyers of the time. after the attack was primarily used in an escort role for convoys, things of that nature. this is what the officers on board wrote on december 7. starting at around 6:00 in the morning, they actually received 10 gallons of milk and 4.5 gallons of ice cream, which was recorded on board, and they brought this on board. interestingly enough, the next ,ntry located on this deck log "suffered surprise attack by japanese torpedo and bomber planes. sounded general quarters and manned antiaircraft battery." niceck to position -- juxtaposition between peacetime and war breaking out. at 8:11, they mention the continued attack by japanese bombers and dive bombers. guns scoredircraft a direct hit on a dive bomber, demolishing in midair. 2 other probable hits were scored, when intel assembly of the dive bomber." --h

it has now been 75 years since pearl harbor. japan and the united states, which fought a fierce war that will go down in the annals of human history have become allies with deep and strong ties rarely found anywhere in history. we are allies that will tackle together to an even greater degree than ever before the many challenges covering the globe. ours is an alliance of hope that will lead us to the future. what has bonded us together is the power of reconciliation made possible through the spirit of tolerance. what i want to appeal to the people of the world here at pearl harbor, together with president obama, is this power of reconciliation. even today, the horrors of war have not been eradicated from the surface of the world. there is no end to the spiral where hatred creates hatred. the world needs the spirit of tolerance and the power of reconciliation now. and especially now. japan and the united states, which have eradicated hatred and cultivated friendship and trust on the basis of common values, are now and especially

>> in so many ways pearl harbor and 9/11 had parallel traits to them. we had some warnings about 9/11. and then it was a shock when it happened. i think what we did not learn from 9/11 is that this is a common obligation that we have. and that we've got to find a way, whoever is our president, to link our arms together and ground. that's what america has always been about. >> lester holt with our tom brokaw. still ahead, it can take just a matter of seconds, a new warning to drivers about a mysterious high-tech device thieves can use to easily break in and steal your car. also, the best man and dog for the job. the store where care of new hires are making it's the phillips' lady! anyone ever have occasional constipation, diarrhea, gas or bloating? help defend against those digestive issues. take phillips' colon health probiotic caps daily... ...with three types of good bacteria. 400 likes? wow! with advil, you'll ask what bad knee? what throbbing head? advil makes pain a distant memory nothing works faster stronger or longer what pain? >>> we're back no

thus, always, always, always we remember pearl harbor. and so hear us when we cry to the for those in peril on the sea. amen. [band plays] [applause] >> senators, and representatives, i have the distinguished honor of presenting the president of the united states. [applause] vice president, mr. speaker, members of the senate and the house of representatives, ye 1941, a december 7, date which will live in infamy, the united states of america was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the empire of japan. states was at peace ath that nation, and solicitation of japan, still in conversation with its government looking toward, the maintenance of peace in the pacific. after japaneser air squadrons had commenced bombing in the american island of o'ahu, the japanese ambassador to the united states and his colleagues delivered to formalretary of state a reply to a recent american message. itle this reply stated that seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiation, it contained no threat or hint of war or of a

pearl harbor as the prime minister of japan. if you listen closely, we can make out the sound of restless waves breaking and retreating again. the calm inlet of brilliant blue is radiant with the sparkling in the warm sun. behind me, a striking white for. together with president obama, i paid a visit to that memorial, the resting place for many souls. it was a place which brought utter silence to me. inscribed there are the names of the servicemen who lost their lives. sailors and marines hailing from california and new york, michigan and texas, and various other places, serving to uphold their noble duty of protecting the homeland they loved, lost their lives amidst searing flames that day when aerial bombing tore the uss arizona in two. even 75 years later, the uss arizona, now at rest atop the seabed, is the final resting place for a tremendous number of sailors and marines. listening again as i focus my senses -- alongside the song of the breeze and the rumble of the rolling waves, i can almost discern the voices of those cr

harbor for anniversary of the bombing of pearl harbor. the firstobama with japanese prime minister to visit since the attack. live coverage. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] >> president obama, commander andis, ladies and gentlemen all american citizens, i stand as the pearl harbor prime minister of japan. closely, we can make the sound out of waves breaking and retreating, a calm inlet in the warm sun. a white form that is the arizona memorial. obama,r, with president i paid a visit to the memorial, the resting place of many souls. broughtplace that silence to me. there, the names of the servicemen who lost their lives. marines hailing from california, new york, michigan, texas, and various places, serving the noble duty of protecting they homeland that they love. they lost their lives. daydst the flames that when aerial bombings tour toregh the arizona -- through the arizona, even 75 arizona, now at rest, is the final resting place fo

the 50th anniversary of pearl harbor. i was there, at pearl harbor. spoke to army pilot kenneth taylor as he reflected on the infamous, that infamous morning with one of the japanese pilots shooting at his base. >> i find this a very moving morning, as i think most people who participated in it, similar sort of the day. >> general taylor, thank you very much for joining us on this special 50th anniversary commemoration. lieutenant mighta, thank you very much also for coming to mete face to face with your former enemy, now your friend. generosity is its own form of power. you can handle being a mom for half an hour. i'm in all the way. is that understood? i don't know what she's up to, but it's not good. can't the world be my noodles and butter? get your mind out of the gutter. mornings are for coffee and contemplation. that was a really profound observation. you got a mean case of the detox blues. don't start a war you know you're going to lose. finally you can now find all of netflix in the same place as all your other entertainment. on xfinity x1. y

on pearl harbor. other folks who might be interested, genealogists are interested in it to see who was on the ship at the time, who passed away and things like that. >> the united states of america was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the empire of japan. ♪ announcer: c-span, where history unfolds daily. 1970 nine, c-span was created as a public service by america's cable television companies. it is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. japanese torpedoes capsized the u.s. oklahoma within 10 minutes during the pearl harbor attack of december 7, 1941. the ship suffered 429 casualties. the 35 of the dead were identified. in military board in 19 49 ruled that the identities of most of the lost crew were nonrecoverable. their remains were buried in 46 plots at honolulu's punch bowl cemetery. a 2015 defense department order prompted a renewed search for their identities in the hope of returning them to their families under the supervision of the agency, th

harbor. 9:47, received from commander in chief pacific that all battleships remain in pearl harbor until further orders as the channel was probably mined. at 9:49, patrol bombers taking off. at 9:50, one of the ships sank alongside the 1010 dock. at 9:55, fire under control around quarter deck. 10:05, "uss solace" under way. "uss shaw" floating in dry dock engulfed in flames. commenced firing on enemy aircraft. which probably wasn't the case because all the enemy aircraft at the time were gone. so that was probably a fanphant sighting. 10:12, commenced pumping. 10:22, at 10:22, floating dry dock sinking, explosions on the uss shaw. at 10:29, report of casuals, one officer reported dead, one listed wounded. you can see the confusion as parachute troops reported near barber's point. at 10:45, submarine reported at barber's point. at 10:40, explosion on the uss west virginia. at 10:44, uss california settling. u.s. submarine sighted. at 10:14, commence fighting from the enemy portside. to the next page. at 11:37, parachute troops reported landing, and enemy troops with red emblems sighted.

thus always, always, always we remember pearl harbor. and so hear us when we cry to thee for those in peril on the sea. amen.

the book end is pearl harbor. you don't have hiroshima without pearl harbor. it is time for japanese pria ja minister to go to the arizona, to pay his respects to the people his country killed in 1941. i think it's part of the healing process. a very -- what may surprise some viewers is the way our government officially handled pearl harbor. i'm talking about years after the event. when you would visit pearl harbor, until they changed the film in the 1990s, the film almost didn't -- the film you would watch as a visitor hardly mentioned the japanese. that's because the u.s. navy was trying to build a stronger relationship with japan and didn't want to push japan's nose into the dirt of pearl harbor. it was for political reasons. in the 1990s, the film talked about japanese expansionism, japanese imperialism, japanese objectives. made it clear that japan was the aggressor. the united states didn't force the japanese to attack pearl harbor. it was a more historically accurate picture. the united states for a long time in the cold war was not sure how to deal wit

pacific fleet, pearl harbor." as the nevada was beached, it was slightly submerged so it took a little while before they were able to get to it. in february 1942, repair crews actually refloated the ship. they were able to do minor repairs to it, basically enough to have it sail out, and they sent it to the west coast to get finalized repairs and to kind of update the armament, mostly including more antiaircraft batteries, things of that nature. and it was ultimately stationed in the atlantic ocean to serve a fire support role. its most notable role was it served in d-day off the coast of normandy and provided fire support, with some shells sent 17 miles inland. >> how many ship logs do we have from pearl harbor? chris: approximately 90. i believe there are around 90 ships at the time, including combat and auxiliaries. so theoretically, we should have all of their deck logs, unless of course, the ship was destroyed, and we do not have the deck logs of the uss arizona, oklahoma, west virginia, and several destroyer

a battleship located at pearl harbor at the time of the attack. the maryland was lucky in that it did not suffer a lot of damage during the attack. part of the reason for that is they were in board of the uss oklahoma, meaning the only way the japanese could hit the uss maryland was via aerial bombs, whereas oklahoma suffered aerial bombardment and torpedo attack. so, luckily for the maryland, the oklahoma soaked up most of the torpedoes and was actually one of the two battleships we ultimately lost over the course of the battle, because the oklahoma ended up capsizing. completely flipped over. if you see any images of the hull of the ship during pearl harbor, that is the ship. >> if people are watching this and wondering why aren't we reading the deck logs from the oklahoma or arizona? >> unfortunately, we do not have the deck logs from the uss oklahoma or arizona. both were considered sunk at the time of the battle. for the arizona, most likely blew up or burned up at the time beginning of the attack. whereas the oklahoma, as it flipped over, th

louis pearl harbor. they were the second ship out of the harbor. from there he was transferred going to the station in san francisco bay. mr. freeman johnson. our next is harold mainer. the ship was stationed and on the at pearl harbor time of impact. ladies and gentlemen, mr. harold mainer. our next is lieutenant general -- united states retired -- graduated in 1945. he separated from the army in aftereturn to serve president harry truman's executive order to integrate united states forces. rise andad to the ranks. the seventh core in europe. gentlemen, lieutenant general. our next is edward davis. on december 7, he witnessed firsthand the bombings taking place. he was involved in intense combat. edward davis. our next veteran is mr. jack maroney. served in the united states marine corps during world war ii. the antitank aircraft guns -- ng the uss -- he served in oak an hour, and nagasaki. she served -- he served as a pharmacist second-class. retired air force chief officer, in 1940. arriving at his first station in who -- in-- in a law oahu. he

harbor attack in pearl harbor. that does it for us on "andrea mitchell reports." we turn it over to hallie jackson now. >> hi, everybody. i'm hallie jackson at 30 rock as we continue to take a live look now at pictures of the memorial service as you saw on andrea's show marking the 75th anniversary of the attack on pearl harbor. you can see the ceremony haing now. we'll continue to dip back into this coverage over the next hour. we'll bring it to you live as it unfolds. in the meantime, we have other developing news to get to. donald trump making his pick to head the homeland security department. retired general john kelly, according to sources

those who survived pearl harbor left us a warning remember pearl harbor and keep america alive he eternal vigilance is the price of liberty and don't ever be caught by strategic surprise again but again 15 years ago we were surprised by a major attack on our soil not by a nation state but by terrorism as before in the preceding decade alarm bells were ringing. even as we worked hard to understand nobody could have anticipated the methodology the twine -- behind those attacks in new york on that day. there is the passage in the good book for those who responded in 1941 and did in 2001. god was searching for the man with the right stuff to embark on a dangerous mission to a dangerously and throat whom shall i send? to show gophers and i cns said send me. send me. with our nation was attack 75 years ago today and then began six years later in the york lady liberty called out of her pain and anguish to south -- shall i send everywhere soldiers and sailors and civilians called out here am i america. send me. here i am. send me. [cheers and applause] america is the country because of young men

pearl harbor just pearl harbor. reporters setting up. pearl harborjust behind the actual date behind —— the actual date of the event. the wrecking of the uss arizona, with the loss of 177 sailors and marines. shinzo abe the first sitting japanese prime minister to attend and pay his respects. we are being told there will not be an apology. but it follows on from barack obama's visit to hiroshima in the summer. both of these visits symbolic. and of course, at a time of what has been a very strong alliance between japan and america in recent years. you are watching bbc world news. still to come, a race against time for the cheetah. scientists say urgent action is needed to save the world's fastest animal from extinction. the most ambitious political change ever attempted has got under way with the introduction of the euro. tomorrow we will use money in holland we picked up in belgium today. it is the way to go. george harrison, the former beatle, is recovering in hospital after being stabbed at his oxfordshire home. the 30 —— a 33â

this year marks the 75th anniversary of japan's 1941 attack on pearl harbor. thehotta, a fellow of graduate center for policy studies in tokyo talks about her countdown to941, infamy. it talks about the past and the japanese perspective. speaking with historian ian buruma, she talks about events that the to the attack and the political landscape that theuded two authorities, emperor and the civilian government. this was recorded in 2013 at the carnegie council for ethics and affairs in new york city. it is about 50 minutes. ian buruma: good evening, thank you very much for coming. it is always somewhat artificial, two people that know each other well. to do an interview in public like this. why should i ask a question i can ask her over the breakfast table? on the other hand, one doesn't really normally discuss the japanese naval strategy in over 1941 the breakfast table. so it's as good as any opportunity as any to discuss this a little bit further. and one of the things that i find most interesting about the book, and revealing and possibly for many readers

i'm mickey yam y >>> japanese prime minister shinzo abe has visited pearl harbor with u.s. president barack obama. the first time both have stood together at the uss arizona memorial. they honored the victims of the surprise attack by japan in 1941 that drew the u.s. in world war i. we'll bring you what the leaders had to say, but first, here's the ceremony with japanese commentary. >> translator: right now, for a minister, defense minister are both waiting for the two leaders. this arizona memorial, deep inside, there's a place to console for the victims. >> translator: yes, if you go more inside, there will be a space to console the victims. and in the nearby, there's a ceremonial well and from there, you can see deep inside the sea. and it's directly connected and there's a hole in the floor so from the top of the memorial, you can see deep down the ocean. >> translator: yes, there is two -- the president and the prime minister just arrived at the arizona >> translator: in hawaii, we have arrived at the arizona memorial. they are stepping inside of the memorial, presiden