run problem began to out the solution -- out run the solution feared by the conflict in syria. iraq the one can only draw one of two conclusions. one, that he is abysmally ignorant or simply not telling the truth. by the way, here's what ryan crocker said on iraq. quote -- as a former ambassador to iraq 2007-2009, do you think it was a mistake not to push heart for the status of force agreement with iraq before the u.s. pullout?" i would remind my colleagues, ryan crocker, probably the most respected member of our diplomatic corps alive today. he said, "i do. we could have gotten that agreement if we had been a little more persistent, flexible and creative. but what really cost us was the political withdrawal. we cut off high-level political engagement with iraq when we withdrew our troops. there were no senior visits. very few phone calls. secretary of state john kerry made one visit prior to this current crisis mainly to lecture the iraqis on how bad they were being for facilitating iranian weapons systems to syrian bashar assad bashar assad and we left them to their own devices,

in afghanistan, syria and iraq. i mean what are the reason for what we see today and where does it lead and where do we go. to what extent these are social phenomenon, or it's the result of perhaps not so smart policy for the past decade or even longer. this is not totally ann er rei irrelevant question, it's the question we will try to address this afternoon. to do so, we have three speakers, or four speakers. gilles doronsoro serves as professor of political science and has authored numerous reports on afghanistan and syria. next we'll have the fellow at the french institute which located in three places, and which is proud of a larger network of some 27 research institutes across the world. of next we have the number of young french researchers to get accustomed to the field, and i insist on a field for the countries in residents in the field going from one year to three years most of the time. the older conflict and violence fellow at the university. he is a student in political science in paris. to counter this french commando, we needed no less than the u.s. air force reserve

that many people in this room think that the intervention in iraq was a disaster, and it was. but what you don't see is that one of the disasters was a diplomatic one, because i was covering the bush administration, preparing to write about it in the run up to the war, and i can tell you that they sincerely believed what i call the leadership hypothesis, that if the united states took certain positions at the u.n. and elsewhere, ultimately, the allies, like the french and the germans and the british, would follow. and they honestly believed that. and they were wrong. they were spectacularly wrong, because they didn't quite analyze the fact that after the end of the cold war, the allies were less dependent on us than they were before 1989. the other problem with "indispensable nation" is the more we run around and tell everyone that, the less other countries are willing to do on their own, because the united states is taking care of it. and the more they get a little bit offended. so in short, when bob, the editor of the american prospect, just called me with a random question, wou

obama talks about his management of the wars in afghanistan and iraq and to share stories about his relationship with the white house and congress. [applause] >> secretary gates i also want to thank you for being especially knowing exactly recently had an injury. i know you are making a robust recovery but having to wear a neck brace as surely complicating your being here and getting here and we thank you for making that effort. >> until i became secretary of defense i have never broken a bone or had a surgery. february of 2008 iselle on the ice and broke this shoulder in three places. 10 months later putting a snowplow blade on the tractor to pull the bicep tendon in his arm. my security guards quickly came to the conclusion that al qaeda was no risk to me at all compared to myself. before we start i would like to say it is good to be back here at the center and to apologize to the audience on my right for not turning in your direction but the results of a broken neck is somewhat limited mobility in my head. >> well, that being said let's get to your book, "duty" memoirs of a secre

about serving in iraq. they were supposed to be short. they ended up going on for ten years. please welcome phil klay! (cheers and applause) hey, phil. thanks for coming on. >> thank you for having me. >> you are a marine veteran who served in anbar province in iraq from january 2007 to february 2008. and you have written a collection of short stories about the experience called "redeployment" and it recently won the national book award for fiction and was named by "the new york times" as one of the ten best books of the year. (cheers and applause) first of all, congratulations. >> thank you. >> stephen: the book has got 12 stories about the iraq war. but do we really need 12 stories to tell the iraq war? isn't it, you know, chapter one, america kicks ass. chapter two, america takes names. chapter three, mission accomplished. what do you need to tell with your stories? >> well, i think you need a lot more than just 12 stories. this is my-- there is my offering to the conversation about iraq. i think we desperately need to be having. and i'm looking forward to a lot more stories abou

in iraq and afghanistan. this is about an hour. p.m. it is a pleasure to welcome all of you tonight for the celebration of john nagl's new book. "knife fights: a memoir of modern war in theory and practice" 11. his work is well known to you. he was the second president of c cnas and he now serves as ninth head master of the school in pennsylvania and is visiting professor to college of london. john's book "knife fights: a memoir of modern war in theory and practice" eleven i saw in proposali saw in proposal form a while ago. book on counterinsurgency and terrorism, how could it possibly be relevant to the day? but he has timing is because the lessons he has drawn in "knife fights: a memoir of modern war in theory and practice" 11 hafi in theory and practice" have direct applicability to the questions as relevant today. he was the 1988 graduate of west point. you went on to oxford where his doctoral dissertation on counterinsurgency was later published. he served as an army tank commander in the first gulf war and returned to iraq with the first infantry division after the 2003 invas

because it goes back to a debate about the time of the iraq war. and before. that was where the neo-conservatives felt, through the gulf war, that a display of military power opened the way for some negotiations. that was their belief. arafat. arafat was scared. he was marginalized. therefore, that would work with the iraq war. and the other side, they had been arguing that you can't get anywhere in the middle east without an agreement between israel and the palestinians. so that is where that -- and onma takes office very much the scocroft side on that. and obama got swept up in the arab spring. my heart was with him and it did not work out well. he really believed that democracy would sweep the middle east. on europe, i'm not quite sure that the eu is the economic agency. i'm not sure when you say obama would have delegated to the europeans, it is the eu that would have expanded to the ukraine. i'm not sure and nato -- >> it was a nato expansion issue is what i was saying. which is what the russians also really orrery about. >> i'm not sure you're saying we should have pushed nato

author and a rock veteran who just won the national book award. so that's one thing we won in iraq. nasa has found meth ann on marses though i believe it originated from uranus. this is the colbert report. (cheers and applause) captioning sponsored by comedy central ♪ >> stephen: welcome tos report, everybody, thank you so much. >> stephen, stephen, stephen! stephen, stephen, stephen! stephen, stephen, stephen! stephen, stephen, stephen! >> stephen: thank you, ladies and gentlemen. thank you so much. good to have you with us in here, out there, all around the world. ladies and gentlemen, folks thank you so much i mr. so grateful that off you are here, all of you are at home watching. this is my last show that this isn't my last show. an i have told to tell you there is some of i'm going to miss. like my beloved studio. i have enjoyed so many memories here. i have also enjoyed so many bottles of bud lite lime that the memories are a little hazey. but tomorrow i will conclude my final broadcast. say my fond fair well, angry adioses, and my luke-warm lighters and walk out. and then

iraq. they answer about u.k. business invests in iraq and the role of nato in providing nonlethal weaponry support. >>> order, order. can i welcome members of the public to the sitting of the foreign affairs select committee, it's our third and final evidence session of our committee into kurdistan and on this occasion we're taking evidence from the foreign office. and are delighted to welcome the parliamentary under secretary of state at the office. so welcome. and can i also welcome edward oakden who's the director of the middle east and foreign office. i welcome you both. minister, it's now three months since mr. abadie was installed in baghdad. have you made any assessment of how he's getting on? what are the prosspeblths for him having a more inclunsive government? >> thank you for the opportunity to appear in front of you and thank you for the work you are doing not just in the region, the country but the middle east as well. it helps our work, the government's work, that the british parliament is engaging in trying to understand these issues in furthering british influence.

for many of us dealing with syria and iraq, we have to also remember that we have to look at sinai. we have to look at libya, the other elephant in the room. somalia, mali, nigeria. these are all different -- organizations with different names, but the same beliefs. >> what does that mean to deal with these? >> we are reaching out with each other. in jordan, we are dealing with syria and iraq. but in partnership with some of the other countries, i just came a few days ago from a meeting over the importance of reaching out to our african friends. two countries that i think will be the lead in dealing with these issues in africa, obviously, the president of gabon dealing on one side with the central african states, and the president of kenya dealing with shabab moving up to samaria. i know we have to concentrate on syria and iraq, but we really have to have a pan regional approach to this itch you -- this issue. >> with respect to iraq and syria first, the question arises about airstrikes and whether they are sufficient to stop isis. >> no, and we knew they wouldn't. but they are very im

. 2014 was striking. the eyes of the islamic state in the iraq and levant. something close to civil war in ukraine's east. india's narendra modi in nigeria, boko haram moves to attack and pitch battle all as oil plummets in price causing serious headaches. like every year you can look back and say, that was a time . >> one of the biggest moments for u.s. foreign policy in 2014, august 7th, president barack obama announcing the u.s.' mission to degrade and destroy the islamic state in iraq and the levant or isil. with the help of international coalition. the strength of the relatively new force took iraq and the region by spruce. iraq's prime minister nouri al-maliki stepped down. syria began to deteriorate into one of the worse civil wars and humanitarian crises on earth. 2014 saw rapid escalation. israel and gaza. and de-escalation. the u.s. nato combat mission depends afghanistan. some regions saw both conflict and celebration in 2014. ukraine elected a new president, then russia annexes crimea and russian-backed rebels battle for donetsk. and downing of a passenger yet. the west

us is dealing with syria and iraq, we have to remember that also we need to look at the sinai, we need to look at libya, the other elephant in the room, somalia, mali, nigeria. so we have to have, sooner rather than, i hope, later, a strategic, realistic approach to deal with all these organizations. they're the same, different names but s.&t beliefs. >> charlie: what does this holistic approach look like? >> reaching out to each other. we in jordan are primarily now with syria and iraq. we are in partnership with other countries. i have been talking about the importance to reaching out to african friends, two countries that i think are going to be the lead in dealing with these issues in africa, obviously the president of gabon dealing with boko haram on one side, with the central african states. president of kenya down in the south dealing with shabab and moving toward somalia. this is an issue we have to combine our strategies and this is sort of one of the reasons i'm here in washington. i know we have to concentrate on syria and iraq, but we really have to have a pan-regional

to be in their company. dominic kane, al jazeera. >> anyone in the path of the islamic state in iraq and the levant who displeases the group risks abuse and death. but a particular level of brutality is aimed at members of religious minorities. isil and the suffering of the yazidis. that's "inside story." >> hello, i'm ray suarez. there are religious and ethnic minorities scattered across the middle east. in mean cases members of communities thousands of years old. christians in lebanon, syria and egypt, jews, samaritans and the yazidis an off shoot from the ancient religion. as isil tightens it's grip it brings a particular level of abuse against those who proclaim against all odds of their airport faith. >> this is the scene in early august. thousands of yazidi trapped on mount sinjar, surrounded by isil fighters. the seen, which raised fears of genocide was one of the reasons president barack obama launched airstrikes against isil. >> i directed our military to take strikes at isil convoys should they move towards the city. >> in the past few days the kurdish fighting force, the p

-- holding hearings last february on this problem. after four months of the us-led campaign in iraq and in syria, ice is still controls essentially the same amount of territory that it did in the summer. reasons for this -- is the limited - nature of this effort. we have only done 100 airstrikes today. when u compare that to saddam hussein invaded kuwait and the response on the part of back then we ates, had 1000 sorties per day. in terms of idea response, and how minimal it is, as compared to what we've in the past. moreover, committee is by the courts that have been micromanaged in the white house. with his flawed air kurdish and iraqi forces have pushed prices out key infrastructure area. on that without the heavy equipment that they need. have done that at great loss, shedding a lot of their blood. and frankly, more air attacks more isis defeats. we look at another program in syria, u. s. backed groups have not received support in the past several months. in fact, the syrian efforts have suffered from lack of ammunition. in addition to not being supplied with the heavy weapons to fi

governments, autocratic governments have been removed, what we're seeing particularly in iraq and in the series is we are seeing in a sense the control being ripped off and to all of these have come up to the surface again. we are seeing all the conflict. the second thing that's so different for the united states is that at one time these conflicts were seen from this country as distant conflicts. in the shadow of 9/11, they are somehow seen as having the ability to directly impact us. in fact, concerns about fears that it might impact us directly here in the united states has been certainly viewed as a justification for a more active policy. things are coming apart but it's not just there. it affects us in a very, very direct way because there's a difference now between a frontline and the homefront. >> jim. speedwell, first of all i was it's kind of important about what's going on in the middle east and little bit of perspective. we that regional upheavals of the sort pretty continuously since the end of the second world war. in the 1950s, '60s and '70s it was east asia that was in tur

throw a shoe? this is operation iraqi stephen going commando from baghdad iraq. [cheers and applause] [cheers and applause] captioning sponsored by comedy central ( cheers and applause ) ( theme song playing ) >> stephen: thank you, ladies and gentlemen. thank you! [cheers and applause] yes! yes! [cheers and applause] thank you. [cheers and applause] yes! yes, i feel the same way about me. what an honor it is for you to have me here and what a thrill to bring my show for all the men and women in the u.s. military in iraq. [cheers and applause] that's right. that's right, ladies and gentlemen. iraq. the country so nice we invaded it twice. you know, folks, a lesser man would try to pander to you. but i'm to the going to do that besides you would never fall for it because you are the sharpest, coolest, sexiest fighting force in the history of mankind. [cheers and applause] you know, it's my first trip to iraq. i don't know why i haven't made it here before but it's hard to explain to the people back home just how hot it is here. let me put it this way: when saddam hussein got to hell,

campaign and this is a multi-year campaign and phase one, phase one is iraq. what we're doing in syria right now is degrading isil's capacity. every time we've had a local force on the ground that we can work with. kobani is a good example of this. >> reclaiming my time. what are we doing in syria right now? people are dying in syria and the calvary isn't showing up until 2016 the way i understand it. is that correct? >> those trained and equipped units are not the only units on the field that we can work with in syria. >> who else? >> we're working in kobani with a number of units. >> who are these people? >> iraqi, kurdish thanks to a deal we worked up with the turks. >> they working in syria or iraq? >> in syria. we brought them -- kurdish from iraq -- >> last question. i'm sorry i'm out of time. last question, are we going to put more boots on the ground, american military in the middle east to defeat isis? >> the president's policy is not to put combat forces on the ground in iraq, but we have advisers and trainers that are working right now -- >> middle east. i'm not going to tal

right still to come on the program, we're going to investigate the huge financial burden of iraq's effort to defeat isil. and parts of italy brought to a stand still during a national strike by two unions. ♪ there's more to finical news than the ups and downs of the dow. for instance, could striking workers in greece delay your retirement? i'm here to make the connections to your money real. ♪ >>> hello again, a reminder of the top stories here on al jazeera. the u.s. secretary of state john kerry warning of a global tragedy unless a deal on climate change is reached. >>> india is on high alert as massive oil slick makes its way towards the border from bangladesh. about 200,000 gallons of cooking oil was spilled after colliding with another vessel. >>> >>> dozens of people have been killed in iraq as the army continues its fight against the islamic state of iraq and the levant. a suicide bomber killed 14 iraqi soldiers at a military base in anbar province. the bomber blew up a house the army has been using as a base. the area has seen intense fighting recently. meanwhile eight

combat isis in iraq and syria. deputy mckirk testified before the house foreign affairs committee about the obama administration's strategy and efforts to build a more effective national government in iraq. this is two hours and ten minutes. >>> this hearing will come to order, i will ask those in the audience to take their skates at this time. this morning we welcome back ambassador mcgirk who was one of the few sounding the itsis alar as early as you did. we were having hearings last february to discuss the need to use airpower to turn back isis. after four months of the u.s.-led air campaign in iraq and in syria, isis still controls essentially the same amount of territory than it did in the summer. and one of the reasons for this in my opinion is the limited nature of this effort. we have conducted only about 1,000 air strikes to date, to date. now if you -- if you compared that to when saddam hussein invaded kuwait, and the response on the part of the united states, back then, we had 1,000 sortes per day. so you get an idea in terms of the response and how minimal it is compa

controversies of the iraq war between groups that normally ideologically didn't have much to do with each other, at least not as much as they did with president obama's foreign policy. and i think at the time what was really driving president obama was less realism as it was championly understood as a doctrine and the way the kissinger people talked about which you mentioned, but more in the reaction to the perception that he and others had that the iraq war was a disaster, that we were overextended. it was time to really just try the opposite, you know, whatever he did we'll try to do the opposite. and it ended up being very much along the lines of whether you intervened or don't intervene with military forces, and that became the driving controversy. and i think we are still in that. in some ways we see that here today, but i also think that there are some fault lines in that alliance. and i think it has something to do with the fact that many of the objectives and many of the policies that president obama tried to do, which were in line with this view of the world have been tried. it's

frankly to the loss of moderates, not only in iraq but spill over in syria. i mean, you said to us, pay attention to the fact that we have a new government. yeah, it's kind of relatively new, but when one looks at measures of progress, one despairs frankly, ambassador. i'm fixated on what constitutes progress? we have used metrics in the past about how many iraqi troops we trained in the past. how did that work out for us? they melted away. now we have isis, one of the best funded, best equipped terrorist organizations on the planet, thanks to u.s. assistance. not because we intended it, but because our ally in iraq collapsed. comprehensively. now we're talking about well, maybe, what we have to do is have a smaller, you know, fast force that can go in. we'll train them. we won't train hundreds of thousands and they'll do it. you've talked in response to judge poe about the training and we all hope that works. but i don't think -- i don't know anyone who seriously thinks that you can train effectively even with successful vetting 5,000 insurgents who are moderate and maybe secular

syria, just as we lost that ability to reverse what was going on in western iraq because we didn't hit the targets prior to them taking mosul. so i -- anyway, my time is expired and we will now go to mr. sherman of california, we will return to mr. angle. >> ambassador, interrupt me if i've got this wrong, but you're not saying that the u.n. resolution or the request of the iraqi government gives the administration legal authority under american law to deploy troops, you're relying on the various authorization to use military force. it's also my understanding that the interpretation is that they authorized the efforts that you have taken against al qaeda in syria, that you have taken against isis, which is a splinter arguably, a continuing splinter, one of the many streams of al qaeda. do i have that right as to your legal position? >> international basis for operating in syria now -- >> i wasn't asking about your international basis. that is not legally binding. what's legally binding is the laws of congress. and you're not claiming that the u.n.'s actions or the iraqi actions giv

those countries, including the u.s. are involved in air strikes against isil in iraq and syria. the u.s. has dropped 942 bombs or missiles in the two countries combined, while the rest of the coalition forces have dropped 18 bombs. kerry says some they have hurt them significant, but some analysts say ground troops are a must. joining us now from brussels, tim friend. we have seen a statement there the countries that are there, supporting military operations, et cetera, stopping the flow of foreign terrorist fighters, but nothing specific. >> no. the final communique has been released. they believe they are making progress in the fight against isil. they say that isil is now thinking very carefully before it mounts new offensives, but as we have seen, they are noting ending. their assertion here is that isil is being forced towards a moment when it will have to end its operations, but they are nowhere near making any sort of claim that they have succeeded in doing that. and of course the military perspective is not the only consideration. they have been talking about cutting off fun

if you turn your back on the history they will fail. all you have to do is look at iraq in 1991. they also in south africa when south africa wouldn't talk about the history they couldn't verify it. they learned the hard way that history does matter if you are going to build a credible verification regime. on the pmds it is circumvectwhat we have seen is issues about calculations related to nuclear weapons. there was a recent sanctioning of iranian entity by the u.s. government where they said it was started in 2011. it involves work that is related to nuclear weapons. so i think the view is actually appearing to me fairly wide spread that there is ongoing concerns about what some of the people are doing that were in this pre-2004 program. >> i think that pnd is important largely for its impact on verification in the future. and when amono spoke here a couple of weeks ago he made clear what he wanted to see in a deal which was access to facilities, access to personnel and access to information. access to facilities is something that we have been used to and the kind of verificati

remain in isil custody in syria and iraq. in desperation some have committed suicide. the i yazidi practice a religion that isil and other groups consider heretical. as the u.s. continues its campaign against the militant group in syria and iraq. just last week the pentagon reported three top isil leaders had been killed in airstrikes, including isil's top military leader. since the air campaign "g" began in august the u.s. has spent more than $1 billion, and the u.s. and it's coalition partners have conducted more than 1371 airstrikes in both countries. >> the blowtorch of the islamic state and the religious cleansing . the amnesty international report talks of cruelty on the part of islamic state fighters that stand in contrast . what explains the current suffering of the yazidis, and what does the future hold for them? we'll start the program in erbil, iraq. a member of iraq's yazidi community, welcome to the program. what's the situation that we find ourselves in as 2014 ends? are there any traditional yazidi areas that have been untouched in this war? >> reporter: thank you ve

of iran that we turn a blind eye to? secretary has called possible iranian action in iraq against isil as positive despite the fact that teheran's incessant meddling in baghdad and its stoking of sectarian tension in iraq and in syria has played a large part in the rise of isil. is it the administration's view that having a shiite iran the world's foremost supporter of terrorism, inspite of our nuclear talks, invade iraqi air space to attack sunni isil. does the administration view this as a positive development? on and syria, you testify that it is our goal -- not that it is an absolute necessity to find a future in syria that does not include isil or assad, as you stated in your testimony and that relying on moderate rebels to defeat them both and usher in a political settlement, will the assad regime being supported by iran and russia as they are and with isil being so well financed, how will a group of rebels be able to defeat them both? and what would they need in order to accomplish that goal? the administration doesn't have a comprehensive policy to deal with all of the thr

-called islamic state after. the islamic state of iraq sent some people to syria in order to participate in the war, an established branch of al-qaeda and he decided he is loyal to al-qaeda central and that the operation in syria should be syriancentric and should focus on syria and it shouldn't be under the islamic state in iraq which is an al-qaeda affiliate in iraq. >> created a division between bagdadi and later, the self appointive calif for the muslim world and zawaheri and jawani. a polit took place between al nusra and the islamic state of iraq. as retaliation , immediately issued a state called the islamic state of iraq and syria and later, an islamic state, which means that now zawahere and baghdadi and the whole baghdadi. >> that's why everything we hear that these two organizations are going to join efforts together is just assumptions. >> right. >> there is tee logical divisions now that will prevent al-qaeda and isis to join efforts together because i don't under. >> when you say there are theological divisions, often, it's easy for us to look at terrorism as something that

guard drawn from the tribes, plus the shia militia to try to take the fight back to isil. but iraq is the place where we have the best chance both to turn both the momentum and the narrative of isil and this extremist ideology. it's that combination of politics and military in combination. >> i understand what i'm not hearing perhaps, this is just my inability to read, but i'm not hearing much in terms of still how that would happen other than diplomatic and just a sort of asking them. now, there must be something behind that. is there not, and just as the final question, would you accept that the, the failure to, the failure that has created the vise of isil. that is not down to the fate of the maliki government alone. it is our fail year to have reconstructed luckily. >> it's the fate of -- syria and iran. it was not a wonderful state about to flourish. maliki who came along and put it back to sectarianism. we did not do the kind of things ipg you are talking about. >> sunni tribes and the shia, iraqi army deteriorated significantly. >> in terms of incubates isil, probably the most

people in this room think that the intervention in iraq was a disaster, and it was. but what you don't see is that one of the disasters was a diplomatic one, because i was covering the bush administration, preparing to write about it in the run up to the war, and i can tell you that they sincerely believed what i call the leadership hypothesis, that if the united states took certain positions at the u.n. and elsewhere, ultimately, the allies, like the french and the germans and the british, would follow. and they honestly believed that. and they were wrong. they were spectacularly wrong, because they didn't quite analyze the fact that after the end of the cold war, the allies were less dependent on us than they were before 1989. the other problem with "indispensable nation" is the more we run around and tell everyone that, the less other countries are willing to do on their own, because the united states is taking care of it. and the more they get a little bit offended. so in short, when bob, the editor of the american prospect, just called me with a random question, would i like

could ask the same questions. why are we in yemen? why are we in iraq? why are we in any of these places that are inherently dangerous. there are foreign policy objectives in these places, as there were in libya. we have increasingly difficult calls to make about where we post our people, what risks we're willing to undertake in furtherance of our policy. that's why i have such great respect for the people in our diplomatic corps because they're at risk. there's just no avoiding it these days. but can you set a little of the but can you set a little of the hstoric trend for us. what has been our experience with violence at our facilities? to what degree is that phenomenon changing and is it changing for the worse? >> we have more posts today categorized at high or critical threat for civil disorder or terrorism than at any time in my service in the department. i think we are seeing a lot of different threats emerging. i don't think that's a surprise to anyone. we are challenged in many ways, but again, going back to what we've been doing since nairobi and dar ra salam, which is wh

whenever their perceived bargain, vis-a-vis the rest of iraq, looks worse to them. i don't think the two ways you are putting it are in tension. they are very, very real. as the perceived deal that basra gets vis-a-vis the rest of the country starts to look worse, than the salience of basra's regional status or a larger southern regional status just becomes more salient. >> i'm from the city college of new york, graduate student, city college of new york. again i want to go back to the role of the u.n. itself. you mentioned that it has no obliged power over iraq. actually they do have. in 2005 the outcome of the 2005 conference, all members are obliged to act collectively should any member face fail to protect their own citizens and they already did that in libya, for example. they could do that using peaceful or coercive means. but the question is the p5 led the u.n. into fear in the iraqi issue. for example, they could rebuild the trust of the iraqi political system. so i think they do have that wrong. i don't know if you agree with me or not. >> i think the u.n. has a role to play

. ambassador to iraq. live coverage. >> small numbers of highly trained professionals. but they would be at some risk. they will make all of the difference going out there with iraqi forces, be they peshmerga, sunni triefshal, iraqi army. there's a huge difference between how these people perform and how people in other conflicts such as vietnam perform when you have american advisers with them and how they perform without them. >> we don't have the luxury of having them perform in an inadequate way. i don't understand why the administration is dragging its heels when it hears from dempsey, others that this is something that should be and is being contemplated. that's it. >> ambassador, your recommendations for president obama? >> the first would be within the wreath and itself to prioritize. most everyone would agree that syria and iraq with probably the two highest priorities because of the islamic state. but also because of the strain that the conflict is putting on other countries that are friendly to us, such as jordan and turkey. so that would be the first. prioritize. second -- ji

try to cobble together a deal, but many obstacles still stand in their way. >> we begin in iraq where there's been a suicide talk on a military base in anbar province, killing 14 people. the bomber blew up a house the army was using as a base. there's been intense fighting for several days between isil and government forces. >> six people have been kid in an attack at a shia mosque, three shells struck the building in the mixed she he. >> a understanshia and sunni town. soldiers have been deployed to protect sites of worship as worshipers gather. >> iraq's finance minister told al jazeera that the fight against isil is draining ires economy. he says mosul holds the key to defeating isil. >> when isil swept into northern iraq, it didn't just capture territory, it seized assets, property, gold and cash from citizens, business people and banks. iraq's finance minister says over half a billion dollars was stolen from banks in mosul to crete and other cities. isil is believed to be the richest such organization in the world. revenue comes from iraq oil fields. the group has retained

have come together to try defeat the islamic state of iraq and the levant. military strategy will top that agenda but they will also be discussing how to stop the flow of foreign fighters into i.s.i.l. nearly four months after the first u.s. fighter bombs fell in iraq, patty culhane takes a look. >> captain william du bois was killed when his fighter jet crashtd. now u.s. secretary of state john kerry will bring together all of the 60 plus countries that the u.s. says is part of the antii.s.i.l. coalition. the vast majority of which have promised support, some with words, others with weapons or aid. 13 countries have carried out air strikes but the vast majority are th are being done h drones. 942 bombs in iraq and syria. the coalition, 149. former cia robert genier says it hasn't cost them territory. >> they're not going to lose substantial amounts of territory simply because of air strikes. those are going to be because of ground forces and not american ground forces. there are certainly not the right type of forces to roll them back. there a key part of the strategy in syria is to

and later he was an interrogator at abu ghraib for the army in iraq. and i have -- i tell a story in my book about how he came back from iraq and afghanistan after being involved in harsh interrogations with ptsd based on having conducted a lot of interrogations. and it is a story that i think is very important because it shows and he said this to me, virtually everyone he knew from his unit involved in interrogations came home with ptsd from conducting harsh interrogations. that is one of the stories i think nobody wants to hear which is torture in the american torture program, we now call it torture. they came home tortured by what they had done. the people who had to go into the cells to conduct what the bush administration and cia and army and military all created, this infrastructure for enhanced interrogation, the people who had to lay their hands and do it physically themselves. i came home deeply warped and flawed by the experience. >> where is he now? >> he is living in savannah, georgia. he only has 100% disability from the army because of his ptsd. and he is trying to reco

are being harvested illegally. >> we begin this news hour in iraq where sunni leaders are accusing iraqi army pushing out sunni leaders in fraifer of favf i.s.i.l. he believes the rise of i.s.i.l. is partly the fault of u.s. policy. >> translator: we have always said that the main problem is the occupation. the u.s. and all other countries supporting the aggression on iraq are to be blamed on the results and the consequences of this occupation. every sectarian cleansing change and systematic changing. >> shia fighters have been helping the iraqi army against i.s.i.l. but they've also been accused of targeting sunnis. the situation in iraq is further complicated by a history of distrust. sunnies felt marginalized by nuefleernouri al-maliki. iran's confirmation that it has carried out attacks against i.s.i.l. on iraqi soil has set to further alienate sunnis. more from jane a arraf in baghd. >>> this will be the first commemoration of anea since i.s.i.l. seized large parts of the country. the ceremony marking the 40th day of mourning, is central to shia identity. shias and shia commem

out air strikes against islamic state targets in iraq. iran denies the claim. this picture appears to show an f 4 fight ar -- fighter in the skies. we'll be live at the meeting in brussels to see what their strategy is now. >>> a national outpouring of grief. thousands of australians line the streets for r the funeral of phillip hughes who died after being hit by a bull last week. >> taken by the game, his family and loved one at the age of 25, he left a mark on our game that needs no embellishment. i don't know about you, but i keep looking for him. >>> the three founders of the occupied movement in hong kong surrender to police. what now for the remaining protestors? >>> also on the program, aaron joining us. the question for you is how safe is your car? >> we're talking about the japanese company that makes one in five of the world's air bags for cars. today big bosses will be grilled by u.s. lawmakers who are urging them to recall all cars in america with the bags. these can explode and shoot out shrapnel. already five people have been kille killed. >>> it's 12:00 noon in london,

kurdish government is. there is also regional and international pressure on the kurds to stay in iraq. coming from this capital, coming from teheran and in addition to the realities on the ground. to conclude, though, some pressures that the k.r.g. is currently under, what really angers and disappoints kurdish leadership and the kurdish in general is that every time something goes wrong in iraq, he kurds are the first to help solve it or and they have to make sure iraq doesn't fall. oil prices go down, the kurds come under pressure they need to rescue iraq once more. prime minister mall i can creates a ton of problems for everyone and the kurds say, ok, that's it, that's kind of the last straw and we're going to call it a game. there is pressure, come on, give baghdad another chance. this doesn't go well in kurdistan, ok. people, and again, politicians have played this because they said the end institutional federalism that i was talking about, comes with perks, it comes with lack of accountability. it offers room for lack of transparency in a lot of realms including revenue. the kurd

iraq in afghanistan in the last 12 years. i have a map, i hope we can put that up on the screens. that show the areas that these fighters have come from they have come from all over the world. according to estimates, around 15,000 jihadists from over 80 countries have traveled to syria to fight. 2,000 of these fighters are from th the -- all of these western passport holders can travel freely in europe and even to the united states once they have finished their tour of duty in syria. none of this is hypothetical. we have seen returning jihadists go on murderous ram pageses before. a french jihadist killed three people during a -- in october, a wannabe jihadist traveled to kill a canadian soldier. a senior obama administration official in september said that some americans fought with isis in skiera have returned to the united states. one known example is the indication of eric harun. he actually fought with isis and al nusra in syria on an rpg team. he flew to dulles international airport where he was taken into custody by the fbi. pled guilty of lesser charges and was released in sept

months since the city of mosul in iraq fell. i was in northern iraq on june 10th, six months ago today, when mosul collapsed. over the next 72 hours isil formations poured through the tigris valley, entire army divisions collapsed and isil threatened the northern approaches to baghdad. to the west, a lesser noted but equally devastating offensive took place from across the syrian board we are isil capture the strategic border city of al kind. isil poured down the western valley. in baghdad during this period, just six months ago this week, there was a growing panic within the population, the government, security services, and the diplomatic community. at the embassy we prepared for the worst-case scenario and e c evacuated 1,500 people moving them to imam, kuwait, or irbil. we also prepared to help the iraqis fight back. within 72 hours of mosul's collapse, the president ordered four initiatives to hold the line and set the conditions for a possible counteroffensive. first, we surged intelligence over the skies of iraq. we went from flying one platform per month to 60 per day, gaining

you our other top story now, iraq, sunni leaders accusing the army of pushing out sunni populations on the pre-texas of fighting isil. a spokesman for the association of muslim slarz told access he believes the current tide of sectarianism in iraq and the rice of isil is partly the fault of u.s. policy. >> we have always said that the main problem is the occupation. the u.s. and all other countries supporting the aggression on iraq are to be blamed for all of the results and consequences of this occupation. every sectarian cleansing, demographic change and systematic killing is because of the u.s. and is being done with u.s. participation, even when the u.s. administration tries to distance itself. >> iran has been assisting iraq both politically and military airily in its file against isil. abre hib al jaffrey fighting what it calls the ugly face of isil. >> a strategic threat to both countries, the threat is the presence of isil on the iraqi territories, and this necessary he istates the importance of promoting our relations to the maximum and to have the maximum coordination in o