with tyshawn lee. >> that does it for this edition of "360" the long road to held america in iraq starts now. >>> the awful routine that follows each bomb looks huntingly familiar to americans that watch the iraq war play out on television. familiar except for this. after many bombings, he plays his cello. he's the conductor of the orchest orchestra. sometimes he plays the iraqi anthe anthem. my homeland they sing, life and hope are in your air. >> i do sole lully swear. >> george w bush had a dream, a vision where saddam would fall the people would rejoice and iraq would become a stable democracy, a beacon of hope, breaking the endless cycle of extremism in the middle east. many politicians want to see more troops back into iraq and syria, as well. the reason terror and threat brought by isis but will another american intervention be more successful than the last one? this time it's crucial we understand how the iraq war went so terribly wrong. go back to the beginning of the story, it's tempting to ask what if? if there had been someone who could have warned us what would happen

foreign soil. >> the president has ruled out american boots on the ground in iraq and syria in a combat role. >> the president has made clear there will not be u.s. boots on the ground. >> trevor: that isçó right. no boots on the ground. if anything, obama is going to take those boots and put them on drones. (laughter) look how cute, he thinks he's a people. ha, ha, ha, ha. so the white house policy in the middle east could not be clearer. the u.s. will not be engaged in ground combat with isis. no boots on the ground. >> president o bam-- obama ordering boots on the ground in syria. >> for the first time u.s. ground troops, special operations forces will enter syria to help in the fight against isis. >> trevor: okay, i know what you are thinking, that sounds like boots on the ground. but it's not. the u.s. is just going to help fight, you know, like that guy in a corner in a boxing match who stands there, he's like punch him, now stab him with your boxing knife. now hug him, now spin the wheel for the bonus round. boxing is different in south africa. (laughter) so what are american g

the ground today of isis in both iraq and syria? mr. morell: great question. what has really happened since we started this war against isis? it is absolutely true that the amount of territory that they controlled in iraq and syria is about 20% to 25% less than it was when we started this. so we have shrunk the size of the safe haven, and they have not made the safe haven any bigger, so that is on the plus side. charlie: that's what the president meant when he said we contained them. mr. morell: that's exactly what i think he meant. on the downside, they solidified their position in the safe haven, so it is not unfair to say that they are the equivalent of a state in their safe haven. they are a state in every respect of the word except one, which is they don't have any foreign recognition or relations. but in every other regard, in terms of how they govern, in terms of having a military, having a police force, having a judiciary, collecting taxes, running schools, running hospitals, taking care of the poor, all of that they do within their safe haven. charlie: do they do tha

at the hands of iraq's shiite government. >> first of all, instead of anarchy, they have now law and order. and people don't like isis, but they like their security. so they take taxes. they take care of the poor. >> reporter: bizarrely, isis even reaches out to the disabled. this is a recruitment video for deaf jihadis who wish to join isis. todenhofer's isis minders kept him away from only one group. he was not permitted to speak to or even go near a single woman. >> and you think that you will win the war? >> reporter: perhaps the most astonishing thing todenhofer heard from both soldiers and leaders is this. >> they want to provoke the united states to bring ground troops to the country. it's a clear target. they want the americans to bring their boots on the ground. they want to fight the americans. that's their dream, the ultimate fight against americans. that's what they want. that's what they hope. >> reporter: they do want to fight the americans, mainly on their own turf. in this regard, isis has a different dream than al qaeda. osama bin laden wanted to perpetrate large-sca

troops fighting i.s.i.l., known as d.a.e.s.h. what sort of iraq are they fighting for? >> iraqi only holds together what is inclusive. if the interests of sunni shi and kurd are respected. >> reporter: to many iraqi kurds it's more. a chance to have a kurdish region, even a nation of their own. with the oil-rich province of kirkuk as a crowning jewel. the other ethnic groups say it's not fair to theme. them. >> state institutions should be observed >>> joining me is the governor of kirkuk. thank you for joining us. an american soldiers was killed when u.s. troops backed up fighters in a raid to free prisoners. the pentagon said combining forces was a unique circumstance, should it be, shut the u.s. and kurdish fighters be working together? >> well, good to be with you again. i believe that the cooperation between these forces and the kurdish forces has been very effective in iraqi kurdistan in the klg in syria, air strikes alone cannot do the job, unless you have people that defeat d.a.e.s.h. on the ground, and control and secure the areas. that's what the peshmerga forces and the y.

the would-be caliphate and deny isis control of territory in iraq and syria. that starts with a more effective coalition air campaign. with more allied planes, more strikes and a broader target set. we should also work with the coalition and the neighbors to impose no-fly zones. that will stop assad from slaughtering civilians and the opposition from the air. charlie: french president francois hollande has urged the united states and russia to cooperate against isis. president obama expressed doubts about working with moscow. president obama: there is an increasing awareness on the part of president putin that isil poses a greater threat to them than anything else in the region. the question at this point is whether they can make the strategic adjustment that allows them to be effective partners with us and the other 65 countries who are already part of the counter-isil campaign. and we don't know that yet. charlie: joining me now, general david petraeus. he was commander of u.s. forces in iraq and afghanistan. he later served as director of the central intelligence agency. today he'

. director and general of the army about iraq, syria and the response to i.s.i.s. and paris. >> i think this probably is a generational struggle. i think even if you success sealed operationally, tactically against the islamic state in iraq and then in syria, there still is going to be a battle. there still will be extremists ideas. there will still be individuals who will be animated by those ideas, there will still be those who propagate those ideas. >> rose: david petraeus for the hour next. >> rose: funding for "charlie rose" has been provided by: >> and by bloomberg, a provider of multimedia news and information services worldwide. captioning sponsored by rose communications from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. >> rose: we begin this evening with ongoing coverage of the recent paris attacks. questions continue to surround the global response. last week, former secretary of state hillary clinton called irvegz. >> it's final to begin a new phase and intensify and broaden our efforts to smash the would-be caliphate and deny i.s.i.s. control of territory in iraq and

iraq over 10 years was a traffic .4 al qaeda and earned iraq the jihadist group now known as isis. the so it has a relationship to be the of juarez to el paso if you know, the mexican drug cartel. so they have a family network that he knows everybody basically in this region so for purposes of the book we got we will not write a book unless we initially interviewed to understand the nature of the enemy. we got to these interviews with a lot of fighters but they are family members. how was it a 16 year-old boy a studying chemical engineering wanted to live in the west? besides to cast his lot with barbarians. what is the driving mechanism? the purpose is to try to explain, not justified, but given explanation or account for the rise of this terror army by last look now controls a swath of terrain greatly more dash roughly the size of great britain. and i did a lot of media in 2014 to inaugurate this coalition war and i kept getting asked, where did they come from? how do they just emerged from nowhere? it sounded like the most absurd question i have never heard. pc imagine it is 1985 an

they have suffered at the hands of iraq's shiite government. >> first of all, instead of anarchy, they have now law and order. and people don't like, i ask, but they like their security. so they take taxes. they take care of the poor. >> bizarrely, isis even reaches out to the disabled. this is a recruitment video for deaf jihadis who wish to join isis. todenhofer's isis minders kept him away from only one group. he was not permitted to speak to or even go near a single woman. >> and you think that you would win the war? >> perhaps the most astonishing thing todenhofer heard from both isis soldiers and leaders is this. >> they want to provoke the united states to bring ground troops to the country. it's a clear target. they want the americans to bring their boots on the ground. they want to fight the americans. that's their dream. the ultimate fight against americans. that's what they want. that's what they hope. >> they do want to fight the americans mainly on their own turf. in this regard, isis has a different dream than al qaeda. osama bin laden wanted to perpetrate large-scale ter

soldiers who are committed to operations in difficult conditions, and syria, iraq, and we can count on our police officers and our justice ,ystem, who behaved admirably in order to neutralize the terrorists. we can rely on our parliament to conduct all the measures that we are required to defend the interest of the country in a spirit of concorde and respect for basic freedoms. above all, we can count on each frenchman and each frenchwoman to show vigilance, the vigilant, show resolution, humanity, dignity. we will fight to the very end, loyal will win by being to our very idea of france. an art of living, the will to be together, live together, belonging to the nation, a sense of belonging to the nation, confidence in our collective destiny. i assert here today, we will not change. we will be united. united on the basis of our essential values. i would like to pay tribute to the families parried the many gestures made by anonymous french citizens who visited the places of the tragedy to light the candle or lay a wreath and leave a message. if i seek a word to describe this land of

attacks in paris and the rise of isi s in syria and iraq. >> editor in chief. founding editor-in-chief of the london-based newspaper and in 2012 middle east magazine, one of 50 most influential. author of two important books, the secret history of al qaeda translated into 32 languages and after bin laden. this new book islamic state digital caliphate university of california. the organization that calls itself on the mind of everyone who pays attention. we are fortunate is joining us. it is a pleasure to welcome you to world affairs council. please excuse me. is your microphone on? we can see you, but we cannot here you. still no sound. good. very good. there is camera but no sound. >> is it on now? >> yes, sir. thank you. very good. >> the technology. please excuse me. the caliphate. >> that is exactly right. >> as i read your book, engaged in a political project from the project of al qaeda. affiliates in syria, what would you describe the key difference? >> you know, extremely amateurish. when i say extremely amateurish, 1st was fully dependent. osama bin laden. it is a man, and all me

example, a conflict between iran and iraq could very quickly escalate into a superpower confrontation between the soviet union and the united states. when those tensions are low, it allows a country like iran to maybe take some more risks and be able to assert itself more strongly. so, he did -- the shah did a very good job of responding to detente and taking advantage of it. >> in that context, you write of a really interesting exchange between president nixon and the shah in which the president says, during the same meetings on may 30th, he -- nixon says, protect me. what did he mean by that? >> yeah. it's really extraordinary. he looks at the shah, and he says protect me. and i think this must have been the best day in the shah's life, you know,. the president of the united states had come to tehran to ask him to protect him. what did it mean? i think it meant that, well, protect the interests of the western world in this really vital strategic theater. help maintain the stability of the gulf. keep oil flowing through the strait of hormuz. now, that wasn't just the united states' i

caliphate in iraq in syria, it will be a rallying call for extremists around the world and that makes us less safe. just as we reduce the scale and size of the so-called caliphate in iraq, pushing it out of iraq, so we need to do the same thing in syria. mr. speaker, another reason for action now is that success in iraq in squeezing the caliphate is put at risk by our failure to act in syria. this border is not recognized by isil and we tamper our efforts if we stop acting when we reach the border. when we come to the question, why now, we have to ask ourselves whether the risks of inaction are greater than the risks of taking action? every day we failed to act is a day when isil can grow stronger and more plots can be undertaken. mr. speaker, that is why their all says yes,ved that the risks of inaction are -- someto some of our asking specifically whether taking action can make the u.k. more of a target for iso-. the judgment of the direct general of security service in the chairman of the joint intelligence committee is that the u.k. is already in the top tier of countries that isi

baghdad, iraq, republican senners to john mccain and lindsey graham. we'll have analysis on the politics of the war on terror then finish up with our annual thanksgiving book panel this year we'll talk about some new books on presidents past. all ahead on "face the nation." captioningponsored by cbs good morning, welcome to "face the n nion" i'm john dickerson. republican presidential homeful ben carson is in the middle east amman, jordan, you visited sear syrian refugee camp, what did you learn therere >> first of all i was very impressed by the outpouring of humanitarian effort on behalf of the jordanians. this has been g gng on for many decades. but they have really reached out to the syrians in a very big y. i had an opportunity to talk with many of the syrians. that w w very eye opening. asking them, what is their desire. what is tir main desire. their main desire to be repatriated in their homeland. i said, what kind of things could a nation like united states do to help. there was a pretty uniform answer on that. that was they can support the efforts of the jordanians. the jordani

first u.s. combat casualty in iraq in four years with troops on the ground in iraq and delayed withdrawal of troops from afghanistan. we will speak with author phyllis bennis as well as retired colonel andrew bacevich, about obama's endless war. in the islamist government of the turkish president erdogan has regained its poetry majority, but opposition protest are continuing. turkish people do not celebrate the result of the election cheerfully. although a political party has received almost 50% of the votes, why? because significant number of the people are living in fear. everybody is uneasy over how far can the ruling party go. i can assure that nobody needs to be afraid or concerned because we are here. amy: we will go to patrick cockburn in istanbul to find out what the comeback victory means for the country. all that and more, coming up. welcome to democracy now!, democracynow.org, the war and peace report. i'm amy goodman. in a major policy shift, the white house has announced a team of special operations forces they say numbering less than 50 will be sent in to syria. t

state preliminary organization in iraq. are any of those people still around? are there still former iraqi officers in leading position? >> yes, but before we go into detail, if you want to understand islamic states, there are about six or seven keywords. the first one is humiliation. the people believe they have been humiliated by their country and their government and by outside. frustration, we have 70 million unemployed people. we have 60% of our population under the age of 27. so you have millions of young people without any future so frustration is very important. underestimation, the problem is, the outside world always underestimates these kind of organizations. when i say that, they're not paying attention that they are growing and getting stronger and stronger. nobody is paying attention. the last is good government. we don't have good government in the middle east. it's dictatorship, corrupt government, we don't have that the marker see attitude. so the lack of government is extremely important. the problem we are facing in the middle east we have seen that in iraq and lib

beginning to fill up. the war in iraq, our involvement in the war was winding down but there still people coming to that part of arlington, and there was a huge influx of people being killed in the fighting in afghanistan so while this was the work in progress there were all of these soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen coming to arlington cemetery. at a distance it looks like any other part of arlington cemetery, but if you zoom in a little closer, talking to some of the people who visit, look at some of the things people bring their, bring their friends and comrades, it is quite different. there is a lot going on closer to the surface, the people who have come to rest in the past dozen years with all their lives before them, here they are buried at arlington. my thought when i set out on this book was not to try to tell stories of all the people buried here. more than 900 men and women killed in iraq and afghanistan who are buried there. i had to pick and choose who i am going to focus on, what i am going to write about, the most recent wars. that was the approach i took. the idea

watch rather successfully in iraq. although it is not exactly the same. are you recommending that we should stop the barrel bombing? stop the barrel bombing to provide a -- an aircraft exclusionary zone in order to protect the innocent civilians that are being driven into refugee status in the greatest refugee situation since the end of world war ii? general dunford: chairman, we have, as i indicated in my statement, analyzed zones areas. and the humanitarian zones, the buffer zones. i can give you some of the considerations. mr. mccain: and stop the barrel bombing. secretary carter: that would be one of the intense of the no-fly zone. -- intents of the no-fly zone. mr. mccain: i would just like to know whether you supported or not. secretary carter: we have not made that recommendation to the president. he has not taken it off of the table. i can explain some of the reasons for our recommendation. mr. mccain: it is not an issue that has not been examined, secretary carter. it has been recommended for years by some of us. you have to examine it all over again? secretary carter: we ha

. invasion of iraq helped spur the rise of the islamic state. one is a journalist who twice interviewed osama bin laden, the the other is a researcher who interviewed former isis prisoners held in iraq. then governors of at least 27 u.s. states say they will not accept syrian refugees, despite the u.n. is urging the world to help the men and women fleeing violence in syria. >> the reaction to the wave of refugees we are seeing should be one of compassion, empathy. these are people who are fleeing the very destruction of daesh we've seen in paris. amy: we will also speed to the cousin of nohemi gonzalez, the 23 old american student killed in the paris attacks. she has been described as a proud first-generation mexican-american. we will speak to her cousin in los angeles. all that and more, coming up. welcome to democracy now! democracynow.org, the war and peace report. i'm amy goodman. russian authorities have confirmed a bomb brought down a passenger plane over the sinai peninsula in egypt last month, killing all 224 people on board. the self-proclaimed islamic state had cla

world operating and for instance if it is in iraq, it would report to the u.s. central command who is the combatant commander for that part of the world. obviously from him it goes up to the pentagon and to the white house in very short order but it really works for the secretary of defense and for the present. >> and the difference between what jsoc to does and the paramilitary division does what's the difference? >> there is an overlap between the organizations now and you will find the members of that organization in the battlefield as it were in the same embassy doing some of the same work. the obvious difference is that the command is a lot bigger and has a lot more firepower. the special activities division you would expect to be working in battlefields in which the united states is not at war with perhaps the slightly shadier characters than the military and with different legal authorities than the military. but increasingly, especially in the last few years the special operations command and special missions unit have expanded the human intelligence gathering apparatus are in

ground there. we will take you inside the administration's thinking on iraq with deputy secretary of state. >>> then, it's one year and one week until the election. all eyes already on the polls. what do they lareally tell us a will today's front-runners be tomorrow's nominees. >>> also from one child to to. china changes decades of policy. it's hoping to grow its economy by growing its family. will it work? >>> one of the world's most famous scientists on dr. ben carson's rejection of the theory of evolution. >> this is not something you believe in or not. it's fact. it's fact. it's just as much a fact as the earth goes around the sun. >> here's my take. i had an interesting visitor drop by my office last week, and he said something that stuck with me. the most important contest in the world right now, he said, is between isis and us. he is rasheed, the intellectual leader. despite winning the country's first free elections compromised with its political foes and helped make tunisia the arab springs only success. as he sees it, the real struggle is not between islam and the west but

stories there, the historic election in myanmar. myanmar. >>> tonight a fight over oil could break up iraq. i ask a governor if his allegiance lies with his country or a kurdish state >>> should teenage girls be forced to share a bathroom with a transgender girl if it makes them uncomfortable. and how the keystone xl pipeline brought out the worst in all. >> i'm ali velshi, this is "third rail". >> we have run special ops. really, this is an extension of what we were continuing to do >>> president obama insisting a raid by u.s. forces and fighters will not lead to american ground troops fighting i.s.i.l., known as d.a.e.s.h. what sort of iraq are they fighting for? >> iraqi only holds together what is inclusive. if the interests of sunni shi and kurd are respected. >> reporter: to many iraqi kurds it's more. a chance to have a kurdish region, even a nation of their own. with the oil-rich province of kirkuk as a crowning jewel. the other ethnic groups say it's not fair to theme. them. >> state institutions should be observed >>> joining me is the governor of kirkuk. thank you for joining us

heard saying syria and iraq. we now know there were three teams of terrorists cord 2345i9ing the attacks. authorities say seven attackers died, detonating identical suicide belts. while over the weekend in brussels authorities say a car in relation to the paris attacks and among the 129 dead, 23-year-old california state university student nohemi gonzalez, studying design and spending time abroad, a professor calling her a shining student. while here on the trees o of paris this sunday, many here cannot get those images out of their minds. just ten months after the attacks on harlie hebdo" new and troubling headlines this week amid national days of mourning now the flags at half-staff as paris struggles to get through this. and even here in a cy that had already been tested last jan with the attacks on "charlie hebdo," the deputy mayor telling me they have never seen anything like that the terror that unfolded here friday night. the fact that seven aing thatters all died wearing identical suicide vests says they're dealing with a new wave, new front on terror. george. joined by p

the self acclaimed islamic state. >> i would argue that the disastrous invasion of iraq, something i strongly opposed, had unraveled the region and clearly and led to the rise of al qaeda and to isis. >> i've said the invasion of iraq was a mistake, but i think if we're ever really going to tackle the problems posed by jihadi extreme terrorism, we need to understand this and realize that it has antecedents to what happened in iraq and we have to continue to be vigilant about it. amy: all that and more, coming up. welcome to democracy now!, democracynow.org, the war and peace report. i'm amy goodman. france has entered a third day of mourning after a string of suicide bombings and shootings killed 129 people friday and it was the deadliest attack on french soil since world war ii. hundreds more were wounded. 99, critically. in a series of coordinate attacks friday evening, gunmen and bombers targeted restaurants , the national soccer stadium, and the product line concert hall where at least 89 people were killed. authorities have blamed the attacks on the supper claimed islamic state

missions in afghanistan. in iraq or afghanistan, the profile was similar. the distances were longer. at the complexity of the mission, we have done in iraq and afghanistan are much more complex missions. the real credit in the bin laden raid goes to the president and his national security league and the cia, and those folks that located the compound, and the president in making the tough decisions to go do the mission. i am proud of my guys. they did a marvelous job. this mission was something we had been trained. and all of these seals were hand-picked to do this job. i will not call it routine. nothing about it was routine but it was not the hardest part of the raid. the hardest part was the decision made by the president and the intel. charlie: they did not know if he was there. mr. mcraven: we did not. this was part of the intel buildup to figure out whether or not the man -- there were arguments on both sides as to whether or not it was bin laden. we thought it was a 50-50 chance. the president called me friday. we had thought about doing the mission on saturday that we had weather

isis was stepping up. u.s. air strikes moving beyond the borders of syria and iraq now into libya. we are now learning tonight that u.s. war planes have taken out top isis leader there. for more on that, i want to bring in our senior international correspondent in irbil, iraq. yesterday, as these were happening, the same day that the united states said isis was contained. they said that one of the senior leaders of isis in iraq and syria was killed. now they're saying the libyan leader of isis was killed. >> sent from iraq to libya and according to the white house special adviser, just tweeting now, was said to be establishing a base for isis. we have quite a presence. establishing a base inside of libya. pe another stronghold. he was killed, in libya by an air strike. now, he's said potentially to be involved in mass executions, maybe to the one back in february. not first time the u.s. has struck what they consider terrorists in libya with the first time they've gone with isis. libya is long known to be a stronghold for isis. last year, some of their propagandas to put killers on bo

so much. >> my pleasure. ♪ z >> the united states has run thousands of air strikes in syria and iraq. france and russia are now in the war. nato member turkey is involved up to its eye teeth, but as he saw in the russian jet shootdown, not always with the same priorities as its assumed allies. stop me when you think we have reached something that sounds like world war 3.0. it's the inside story. ♪ >>> welcome to "inside story." i'm ray suarez. no, i'm not suggesting that this conflict is as extensive or threatening as the total war fought in every corner of the globe in world war ii. but when the list of combatants in iraq and syria is as long as this, it makes both the war on the ground and diplomacy at the bargaining table extremely complex. exhibit a, turkey's recent shootdown of a russian military jet in the skies over syria. turkey says it warned the jet repeatedly. russia denies that took place. turkey has refused to apologize, russia has laid on economic sanctions. al jazeera america claimed responsibility for the paris attacks. france is fighting back hard. >> we would like

, korea, vietnam, the dominican republic, kosovo, afghanistan, iraq again, without the congress doing what is specified in the constitution, declaring war against a national enemy. there is a growing sentiment among americans that the united states should send ground troops to syria. we're asking, anything to declare? it's the "inside story." ♪ >>> welcome to "inside story." i'm ray suarez. most any adult american could name places u.s. forces have fought around the world in a small way as when ronald reagan ordered an invasion of gau nay da and in a big way, such as vietnam. lots of wars, lots of sacrifice and death, bravery and loss. one thing that hasn't been through all of that. a vote from the u.s. congress to officially declare war against a national foe. >> i ask that the congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by japan on sunday december 7th, 1941, a state of war has existed between the united states and the japanese empire. [ cheers and applause ] >> it was december 8th, 1941, the day after the attack on pearl harbor in hawaii. after that speech, con

yelling allahu akbar. they were also heard saying syria and iraq. we now know there were three teams of terrorists coordinating the attacks. authorities say seven attackers died, detonating identical suicide belts. while over the weekend in brussels authorities say a car leading them to make three arrests in relation to the paris attacks. and among the 129 dead, 23-year-old california state university student nohemi gonzalez, studying design and spending time abroad, a professor calling her a shining student. while here on the streets of paris this sunday, many here cannot get those images out of their minds. even in a city that's already been tested last january with the "charlie hebdo" attack, the deputy mayor saying they've never seen anything like that, the fact that all seven attackers died wearing identical suicide belts, he said, is a signal that they're dealing with a new wave, a new front on this war on terror. >> thanks, david. we are joined by police chief fabien golfier responsible for 20,000 officers in the region. thanks for joining us this morning, captain. we learned pol

away from iraq and even away from north sinai, where the bulk of operations are going on because the operation happened in the south of sinai and also the capacity to bring down an airline, al qaeda last been attempting to do that since after 9/11. >> reporter: since the crash russia has stepped up air strikes on i.s.i.l. and other opposition groups in syria. i.s.i.l. said it planned to target a western aircraft but changed its mind in reaction to russian bombardment. raising additional questions for why it thinks the plane crashed calling on all sides to await the results of an official egyptian investigation. rory challands, al jazeera, moscow. >> al qaeda's affiliate, social media saying the drones were shot down over a military airport in the country's northwest on tuesday. international monitors say the two drones were definitely shot down in that location. but it is still unknown if they were russian. it verified they would be the first russian aircraft shot down over syria. >>> new york police officials say they are aware of a newly released i.s.i.l. video that vows more a

ago, the new book, it was beginning to fill up. the war in iraq was our involvement in the war was winding down, but there were still people coming to that part of arlington who had served in iraq. and there was a huge influx of people killed in fighting, our people killed in fighting in afghanistan. so while this was a work in progress, there were all of these soldiers sailors and marines airmen coming to rest at arlington cemetery and as i said, at a distance it looks like any other part of arlington cemetery but if you zoom in a little closer and start looking at the names on the grays, talking to some of the people who visit their, and a special look at some of the things that people bring their to leave for the friends and comrades and loved ones, you see it's quite different. it's alive. there's a lot going on there. the motions are closer to the surface. the people who have come to rest there in the past dozen years our young, yo, unit come with af their lives before them. here they are buried at arlington. so my thought what i set out on this book was to not to try to tell