for germany to lead within europe but that puts germany in a dilemma because if it assumes a position of power old fears about germany wanting supremacies and europe will rise again this is the new fear which is actually a fear dating back to the nineteenth century or before. and which germany's european neighbors have felt for at least two hundred years or. so i mean this and five hundred yards beneath the lang are parked the can how can germany resolve this tense relationship with germany mistake other european countries position into account and also take their perception of germany and to account germany must also not let the power politics necessary for europe to be a powerful global player. and try to end up here automatically this is a necessary balancing act and one of the greatest challenges for political leaders but also. the in trying to hold hold on for political furor. minister had another minister speaking in brussels actually addressed precisely that challenge and said germany will have to lead from the center how could that work early because that by the to be

1978, 88 and how john paul ii and reagan impacted eastern central europe. you got an inside look on how the reagan white house integrated the message of the vatican in his tragedy to meet the soviet threat. throughout it all, i see over and over certain things. the tacit alliance of reagan and the course ofed history. the key to that dramatic change was a belief that communism was a contradiction to end a violation of the human spirit. this message was heard loud and clear in huge crowds that attended people masses in poland. it was heard by dissidents lingering and suffering in soviet presence. -- prisons. it was heard by millions of americans who after decades of confusion welcomed the clarity of ronald reagan standing up for freedom. alliance of tacit reagan and john paul ii so successful? they were playing for high-stakes. the universallear aspirations of all humanity were at stake. the cold war was not just about the number of arms the nations had but about the universal cause of freedom. it was the marriage of this universalism to the actual national strategy of the most power

talking about the remarkable events of how john paul ii and reagan impact the east and central europe. an inside look at how the reagan white house integrated the vatican in its strategy to beat the soviet threat and challenge. throughout it all, we see over and over again certain things. that the alliance of reagan and the pope grammatically changed the course of history. that the key to that dramatic change was a common belief that communism was a violation of the human spirit. the message was heard loud and clear in a huge crowds that attended. it was heard by dissidents lingering and suffering in soviet prisons. it was heard by millions of americans, who after decades of confusion, welcomed the clarity of ronald reagan standing up for freedom. why was this tacit alliance as i call it of reagan and pope john paul ii so successful? because they were playing for very high stakes. let me be clear that the universal aspirations of all humanity were at stake. the cold war was not just about the number of arms that nations had but about the universal calls of freedom. it was the marriage of

important for europe and america. pope john paul ii ronald reagan and -- ronald reagan and pope change the world and significantly affected europe. the lives of people like me, of people from the former communist , itral and eastern europe believe in the law of comparative advantages and i'm always trying to maximize my comparative advantages. i have a, i am afraid comparative disadvantage here. i am not and i don't pretend to be an expert, a lifelong expert of ronald reagan or on pope john paul ii. nevertheless, they are part of my life and my personal experience. let me see a -- let me see a few words. let me start with two factual remarks. first, i am not convinced that we should speak so sure on lake to speak been done about partnership between ronald reagan and john paul ii. as i see it, it was at the very most and implicit partnership only. they defended freedom and traditional western conservative attitudes. there is no doubt that the effect was considerable. communist central europe felt it. most of them were a great inspiration for us. our communist leaders on the contrary, regard

who's an analyst at europe control risks. good to see you. let's begin with the front page of the times. it has a moment where the queen is praying, she has highs closed, it is the centenary she has highs closed, it is the ce nte nary of she has highs closed, it is the centenary of the armistice. 70 events have ta ken centenary of the armistice. 70 events have taken place with the yesterday but in the days prior to that. this has been moving, hasn't it's as always in the uk, that senator yesterday morning, the queen headed over the replaying duties to prince charles last year.” headed over the replaying duties to prince charles last year. i think is to her will stop this article talks at length about her involvement, of course, and the various other events are taking place, the symbolism of this year, being 100 years since armistice, marking the end of the first world war. 50 many armistice, marking the end of the first world war. so many ceremonies taking place all across europe. if we move on to the atlantic, it talks about the events taking place in paris, where can you know,

would be happy if europe did more heavy lifting the u.s. is involved in three theaters right now and if your did more heavy lifting in its own region i think that would be very much appreciated and i want to bring bring up something to theresa made a good point that she said that there maybe it is a fair critique that europe could do more of the heavy lifting and some would say that that's what donald trump has been trying to get to it's just maybe not perhaps the most diplomatic way that he says things and let's just be honest he's actually insulted a lot of allies bit and said things that just weren't actually true about you know they owed the u.s. money etc etc having said that do you think he has a fair critique. of course i mean he doesn't have a point the europeans are not doing their share to collective security within nato and. european allies everybody agreed to a two percent spending goal in terms of g.d.p. and many countries including germany are not moving closer toward that goal at least not fast enough and saw too many americans including donald trump for european allies c

hosted a discussion on the state of democracy in the formerly communistcountries of europe , political scientists discussed the rise of populism in hungary and poland and the motives behind russian interference and other countries elections. >>. >>. >> good afternoon everyone. i'm mark plattner, founding coeditor of the journal of democracy and cochair of the research council of the national endowment or democracy and international forum for democratic studies. i was very pleased to welcome all of you to this afternoon's discussion, both our audience was here at the offices of the national endowment or democracy and those of you who are viewing us on c-span. the international forum for democratic studies in addition to publishing the journal of democracy and hosting the reagan fellowship program conducted research and organize conferences of meetings on a wide variety of subjects related to democracy . his recent focus has been on the impact of authoritarian influence within democracies on transnational cleft doctor sees on protecting the democratic information states. if y

u.k. government has allegedly been working with opinion makers all across europe to promote anti russian narratives an effective network is best achieved by forming in each european country a cluster of well informed people from the political military academic journalistic and think tanks fears who can analyze examples of this information in their country and inform decision makers and other interested parties about what is happening clusters the key instrument of integrity initiative and a fairly powerful one as proven by the spanish cluster which has shown how the program gets things done back in twenty seventeen in the u.k. seemed surprisingly concerned with events playing out in spain's catalonia and london's keenness to see russia's hand in that bid for independence from spain so step one get public opinion on your side it's simple really you can write up a study yourself this curse to produce a major study on russian influence in the catalan referendum process which was circulated privately to key influences in spain including the prime minister's office and throughout euro

high hopes that russia would become part of a larger euro atlantic european community europe whole and free from vancouver to vladivostok yet twenty five years later after the war in ukraine started we're again divided in europe and the relationship is very hostile suspicious. neither side no one wanted this and the book is an attempt to answer how this happened now correct me if i'm wrong but the main argument of this book is that what happened in ukraine in two thousand and fourteen and what transpired since was essentially the result of russia not having a meaningful place within the european security institutions i wonder if it's a bit larger not just russia's place within the security institutions but generally russia's place in the world and the disagreements that both sides have with regards to that question of what place should russia take in the world when i think i focused on europe and there may be issues and complaints having to do with other regions the world but europe i think has been and the near abroad vision is a little bit or has been most important to russia since o

populism in europe and western liberalism in the national endowment for democracy. this runs an hour and a half. good afternoon. i'm mark, the co-editor of the journal of democracy and cochair of the research kennel the best counsel for the international forum for democratic studies. i'm pleased to welcome all of you to this discussion. both the audience here at the offices of the national endowment in washington and those viewing us on c-span. the international forum for democratic studies, in addition to publishing the journal of democracy and hosting the reagan fellowship program, conducted research and organizes conferences and meetings on a wide variety of subjects related to democracy. its recent focus has been on the impact of authoritarian influence within democracies on transnational -- on protecting democratic information space. if you're interested in learning more about the work of the international forum, i invite you to visit our website. you can also find our blog, power 3.0. unfortunately, most regions of the world today are living through what my coeditor larry diamo

policies and to the end of nationalism in europe. recently announced that she would not seek election when term ends in 2021. >> president of the european parliament, president of european commission. latest and gentlemen, ladies and gentlemen. as 50 year, the german president at the time, described european unification as an exempt exemplary experiment. this was ten years before the elections to the year the european parliament. about time, the european community was still in its, achievements such as title market, revisionary projects. the foundations have been laid and hundreds of years of wars and citizens of europe were over for the first time, they had a stable peaceful future ahead of them. today, i'm here with joy, but also attitude in front of the greatest parliament of the world. we have 751 members from 28 countries that represent the half-million people, approximately 7% of the world population. in this house, we feel at the heart of democracy, beating, 10000 by 28 countries and this describes, examples about your. this is one of the greatest strengths of in europe. becaus

merkel spoke before the european parliament on the future of europe, expressing support for real european army, defending germany's immigration policy and calling for the end of nationalism and gotism in europe. european party leaders responded in support by some like former uk independence party leader nigel farrage sized her policy. >> the european parliament for this very important debate with the members of the european parliament on the future of the european union. for us, it's very important to know the german position on the most important issues on the future of our union. we know the position of the european parliament, the position of the european condition but for paving the way for a better europe we need to change european union but it should be a big mistake to destroy europe. we want to be european also in the next years. european parliament wants more power. [ applause ] -- we are the only one -- european institution that could be elected directly by the citizens. on the budget we want to decide before the european election. we want to increase the budget from 1.

and publishers from europe and china meeting homburg to explore free trade possibilities only meet the man who advises such as president xi jinping as coming up with a home free and business. at the top of the hour but in the meantime of course there's always the web site b w dot com how to protect. the. earth. home is of species. a home worth saving. given those are big changes and most start with small steps little ideas tell stories of creative people and innovative projects around the world. to use the country when it comes to purchasing insurance and resource to try. to create interactive content teaching the next generation about what mental touch i should. use and all channels available to inspire people to take action and we're determined to build something new for the next generation coming along the ideas the environment series of global three thousand on t.w. and online. trying to reach europe at the hamburg summit he eighteen a gemini china says it's increasingly open to european investors they say that having a harder time doing business that we talked about and chines

-communist europe. political scientists and academics discuss the rise of populism in hungary and poland, the motives behind russian interference in the 2016 election and the future of western liberalism. the national endowment for democracy is the host of this event. >> good afternoon, everyone. i'm the founding co-editor of the "journal of democracy" and co-chair of the research council of the national endowment for democracy international forum for democratic study. i'm very pleased to welcome all of you to thavis afternoon's discussion. both our offices here and in washington, and those of you who are viewing us on c-span. the international forum for democratic studies, in addition to publishing the "journal of democracy" and hosting the reagan fellowship program, conducts research and organizes conferences and meetings on a wide variety of subjects related to democracy. its recent focus has been on the impact of authoritarian influence within democracy on transnational democracies and protecting the democratic [ inaudible ] today. if you are interested in learning more about the wor

remains fine and dry across many parts of central and eastern europe but out towards the west it is looking wet and windy as could be at case's as can be the case as we go on through the next couple days supply out spilling in from the atlantic strong winds as well as for them and sunday of course this weekend we are going to see that wet and windy weather moving right across the british isles it's a good pasta france into the low countries and gradually pushing over towards scandinavia and western parts of germany that's sunday itself. thirteen celsius in london fourteen degrees there for paris a wet one the winds not quite as strong but it will still be blustery the quite a rash of showers blasting away and you can see they stretch the way across into the near constant some heavy rain say into portugal more in parts of spain looking still rather disturbed but for central and eastern parts if you have ten we find a dry cold enough in moscow temperatures struggling to get anywhere near freezing in the heat of the day meanwhile across northern parts of africa it is generally dry stil

came off on top into a classic in the sure. i'm christine one welcome to the program europe mocks the moment hundred years ago when the battlefields fell silent at the end of world war one ending the conflict that drew around forty nations the leaders of france and germany came together in a highly symbolic ceremony honoring the seventeen million people who died president emmanuel mccraw of france and german chancellor again a magical laid a wreath and unveiled of paulk in the forest at the armistice caring in cold bay area the moment highlights the special alliance at the hotshoe of your. the culmination of a decades long process of reconciliation this was the first visit to campian year by a german leader in decades and a manual micron greeted chancellor merkel with demonstrative warmth. reviewing the troops of the euro corps franco german brigade the two leaders cross the clearing that there is testimony to a defining moment in european diplomacy. it was here that germany capitulated to france and its allies on november eleventh one thousand nine hundred ending more than four years

. machining's out role in the -- about america's impact he role and the of breks it -- brexit on europe and america. thank you, john. thank you for all of you coming joining us on us on webcast. i'm here to talk about the topic i and what it r also for today but followed world war i and that 20-year period and that led to of world order and world war ii and the role of american leadership. adam and bob have written really fascinating books on this topic. so we would like to look at take it sons but also to too, what it means for the america and american leadership. but i think it is appropriate to start with the history. maybe start could with you and just ask what do is of nk the main lesson the inner war period and what war i.d world what is the big take away from on scholarship and worth that and geo politics? >> thank you, tom. pleasure to be here and it is a pleasure to be here with adam. his new book is" crash ", which big sensation. you ongly recommend that read his book deluge. ask you how ed to you picked the dates you did. i think it is clear from the is a -- iway, which anywa

europe she is due to talk about her hopes for the e.u. in a speech to the european parliament will be going there live in just a few moments. i'm sorry so much kind of good to have you with us germany's chancellor angela merkel is preparing to set out her vision for the future of europe but she will be speaking shortly in the european parliament in straw spoke with president mcauliffe france merkel played a central role in marking the one hundredth anniversary of the end of the first world war of the weekend she spoke out against the dangers of resurgent nationalism and the need for countries to work to get rid of your she's due to address the problem in the next few minutes and we will of course be listening in live to that . let's talk about what we can expect from the chancellor we have group of politics with us here in our studio and our brussels bureau chief max hoffman is at the european parliament in strasbourg for us max let's start with you as we said the chancellor it's expected to outline her vision for europe's future to e.u. law makers there in strasbourg what are you exp

you first but i'd like to quote i guess the ice aspiring sun king of europe there are no other well known as the president of france mccrone he said this patriotism is the exact opposite of nationalism national him is a betrayal of patriotism and i'd also like to throw in another quote that he said earlier this year when he was a candidate which absolutely stunned me still does quote as candidate there is no such thing as french culture what is this man talking about john. well whenever i hear mccoy moore is reminded of oscar wilde's remark about someone who said. deep down he's very superficial and that's true of my core every time we have mrs melton he seems to conquer new heights of mediocrity but i was also reminded of another french leader charles de gaulle who of course made a famous appeal to his country on the eighteenth of june one hundred forty is often forgotten that winston churchill made an appeal on that same day he'd given a speech in the house of commons and he went to the b.b.c. to broadcast the words of the speech and that speech was his finest hour speech and both

europe's top job germany's months could be very is the front runner and their reason to succeed mr your official include younger as european mission commission president so who is he and what could change under his presidency. it's great to have you along everyone. we begin with a tragic and unfortunately all too familiar story there's been another mass shooting in the u.s. in the state of california at least twelve people have been killed after a gunman opened fire in a bar in the los angeles suburb of thousand oaks the attack took place late wednesday during a night for college students police say a sheriff's deputy responding to the incident is among those killed hundreds of people were inside the bar at the time of the shooting authorities say the attacker died inside the venue. all right let said now speak to jason a camper donia he is a reporter covering the story for us in los angeles good evening jason what more have you learned about what happened in thousand oaks. what we're hearing and sources are telling me that about eleven thirty local time last night with a far fact axle

just suggested that europe build its own military in order to protect itself from the united states, china, and russia. very insuttinlting. but perhaps europe should pay its fair share of nato. in fact, macron says its reference to protections against the u.s. was a reference to u.s. cyber intelligence capabilities. in any event, it was a typical trumpian moved designed to get attention, which is did. i asked macron whether a clash between him and trump was inevitable. >> we had a very good discussion this morning and confirmed in front of the press that it was okay. i think -- >> does that mean that his tweet was a mistake? >> i don't know. i'm not the one to command his tweets. i always prefer have direct -- or answering questions that make my -- through tweets. but we had a clear discussion. he is in favor of a better burden sharing within nato, i agree with that. and i think that in order to have a better burden sharing, all of us do need more europe. and i think the big mistake, to be very direct with him, what i do don't want to see is european countries increase the budget in

addition of nationalism. even in europe and the foreign minister so many new. overseas addition of nationalism are very dangerous because too much nationalism and drive will drive us to war. the reason leaders from about eighty countries are gathering here a commemoration of a hundred years since the end of world war one that war was followed by increasing nationalism particularly in germany the league of nations forerunner to the united nations failed after the us didn't join it because of opposition from hardline republicans why is opposing the me one said history doesn't repeat itself but it right james plays out zero peris. russia is summoning the austrian ambassador in moscow it says one of its retired army colonel spied for russia he retired five years ago but is accused of working for the russians since one thousand nine hundred russia's foreign minister sergei lavrov says he's unpleasantly surprised by the i guess. the. turkish police have officially ended the search for the body of murdered journalist jamal khashoggi however they say the investigation into his death will c

. europe, early trade for you coming up right now. europe also saw a decent bounce towards the end of october, the last two trading days. in general, ftse is flat that's because of the rally, the pound in an adverse relationship we'll come to that in the second block of the show. germany up 0.7%. we have a special guest this morning. jim mellon great to see you, particularly here in person >> nice to see you >> let's kick off with that wild pullback in october. what was the cause of it in your eyes, the size of it is it in the rearview mirror now? >> i don't think it's in the rearview mirror. we'll see further falls in the next month or so the causes are quantitative tightening in the u.s. you have the internet stocks, the f.a.n.g.s were overearned and still are. they were the principle cause why the nasdaq went up so much in the previous year you will see more bad news out of them. and i would be cautious generally on the u.s. market in particular >> let's talk about some of those f.a.n.g. names facebook in particular before i left the show, we would discuss your negative view on

mind and in our hearts the interest of a unified europe that was our strength must also become our sovereignty if you want to govern a fellow countryman that we are going to be able to protect them from the numerous and to choose our future then we need to be more sovereign as europeans to embody a good. french president there emmanuelle my camo with me in the studio is d w political correspondent peter craven we're also joined by kate brady who's joining us from outside the. pieces first lady we've just heard from the french president who gave his address in the wind is talk tell us more about the message that he to live it a message of profound gratitude to the german people for inviting him because he knows that france and germany have been arch enemies in the past it's been a very painful relationship and they're inviting the french president obviously brings back memories of the pain involved there but he said the germany he praised germany for doing what he sees obviously is a good job in trying to confront the darkest chapters of its history francois. manuel mccrone profound

germany. we who had brought her reflects suffering to europe and the world and the second world war was from eastern europe as well. paid isn't gentleman it was polish. who once again an inconceivably grand gesture wrote to the german fellow believers in one nine hundred sixty five saying we forgive you. and we ask for forgiveness does. the fact that will and france and germany join together in the european union with twenty five other partners is an incredible. stroke of fortune for all of us but also all of the partnership the friendship that we have built on together in this community all will survive organizational changes we trust in us. and we are grateful to all of our partners. but shimon and his countrymen more name i think it was one of the architects of the european community. that they precondition for reconciliation lies in a willingness to reach out one's hands to the other. but also knew that this reconciliation can only truly survive if these hands are then used to build something common together. and shaping the future with one another and standing up for one anothe

. europe.to change it would be a big mistake to destroy europe. parliament wants more power. [applause] are the only ones elected directly but -- by the citizens. increase the budget. resources on imigration. we want to cooperate and achieve good solutions. it's possible to achieve an agreement before the end of this year. to achieve good solutions on immigration. we need to invest more in africa. we need more money against againstchange, terrorism, a new modern cooperation between europe and africa. as we need a european foreign policy with a european defense. this is very important for the future of the european union. chancellor, thank you for being here. [applause] over 50 years ago, the german president at the time unificationropean as an exemplary experiment. this was 10 years before the direct elections to the european parliament. union was still in its infancy at the time. foundations had been laid. there were hundreds of walls and dictatorships. time, they had a stable, peaceful future ahead of them -- ahead of them. i am here to talk about the servitude in front of the greate

of this highly important both for europe and for america. ronald reagan and pope john paul ii, they did change the world and significantly influence europe. as a result of it, the lives of people like me, of people from the former communist central and eastern europe, i am always trying to maximize my advantages, but this time, i am afraid i have a comparative disadvantage here. i am not and i don't pretend to be an expert, a lifelong expert of ronald reagan or own john paul ii. nevertheless, they are part of my life and my personal experience. let me say a few words in this spirit. let me start with two factual remarks. first, i am not convinced that we should speak so strongly as it has been done during the whole day, to speak about partnership between ronald reagan and john paul ii. as i see it, it was at the very most an implicit partnership only. they defended freedom and traditional western conservative attitudes and values. there is no doubt that the sin are effect of their parallel exhibit was considerable. we in the communist central europe felt it very strongly. most of th