outside of south america. so outside of each other's countries. so they would chase them wherever they could find them, whether it be mexico, europe or the united states, but this was the only condor assassination in the united states. it ended up being a huge miscalculation for the government. they must have somehow thought that this would be okay with the u.s. government. likely because they had done it in all sorts of parts of the world and the united states government hadn't done anything about it. also because letelier was a socialist and he was allying with other socialists, but he was a democratic socialist and a peaceful socialist. the government probably thought that nobody would respond to this, that the americans wouldn't care about this, but it turns out when you kill a former ambassador in the united states that is a crime under u.s. law, under the u.s. code, because that person remains a protected person until they die. also, of course, they killed a united states citizen. so these are two separa

joining me from bogota, we see unrests in the wake of in other parts of south america. tell us why people are taking to are.treets where you reporter: this is the fifth day that thousands of people, as you can see behind me, are taking to the streets here in colombia and series ofa large demands. a lot has to do with reforms of the government is proposing both to the pension system, education system, labor system, the way inple are being paid colombia, the very large existsc inequality that here and also has to do a lot, i thatve, with the fact there has been a peace deal here putting to in 2016, --end the civil strive strife that was continuing in and has almost 50 years opened the door to the birth ofty of the larger social movement like the one we're seeing now to demand the country and definitely this also comes into what'sger picture of been happening across south america. finally, this demonstration in particular is happening in of the international day against violence against women which is a major issue here in colombia and across south america. thele are sayin

protests that we see this in the wake of unrest in all the parts of south america tell us why people are taking to the streets why you are . well this is the 50 days that thousands of people as you can see behind me are taking to the streets here in colombia and they have a large series of demands truly a lot of house to do with the reforms that the government is proposing both to the pension system education system the labor system the way people are being paving columbia the very large economic inequality that exists here and also has to do a lot i believe with the fact that there has been a piece. of your income in 2060 putting to him and the civil conflict that was continuing in colombia for almost 50 years and this as in many ways open the door to the possibility of the birds of a larger a social movement like the one we're seeing now to demand social change in the country and definitely this also comes into the larger picture of what's been happening across south america and then finally this strange. has said it's happening in the context of the international day against viole

but now, curators, south america's biggest clu b curators, south america's biggest club game breaking with tradition with a single one off match that will decide the destination for the trophy. personally, i prefera single final, it is more fair. whoever has the best strategy, however plays the best game on the day, it is more exciting, it becomes a big event. fans enjoy the moment more. looking for a first victory in the generation, and a plate for more accustomed to such success, they're fully aware of the task at hand. accustomed to such success, they're fully aware of the task at handlj believe you're physically very complicated rival. they are a team that plays well and pushes to score like we do and looks to win. this the kind of match we have to be very focused who makes fewer mistakes will win the game. this is the kind of match that we would like and are use of match that we would like and are use to. the insurgency, the finals nearly here, it is being referred to as the unique final, given the circumstances, it is hard to argue. cricket now, and the last few months have had

for people watching back at home who may not know, just explain how big this is in south america. it is the south american equivalent of the champions league. so the winners of this are the champions of the continent. but that's not all. it also means that, as continental champions, they go next month to the club world cup, which is a competition which unites the champions of all of the continents. now, in europe, that doesn't play a very big. 0ver continents. now, in europe, that doesn't play a very big. over here, it is huge, because it has the chance of a crack, if you like, at the promised land, the chance of having a go at the glamorous european champions, who this year, of course, are liveable. now flamengo, as you mentioned, have only once before in their history won the copa libertadores, the south american title. they followed that up american title. they followed that up in december 1981 with a win over the european champions, 3—0. those european champions were liverpool. so the flamengo fans are desperate for history to repeat itself. they still sing about the events

because that is a lie that anyone in south america would believe, either on the left or on the right. they would believe the cia is able to do these sorts of things, and of course, it is able to do it, and townley is an american, so it seems to make sense. but it does not make sense. it is not true. >> i have one last question. i just wanted to know what your personal connection to the story is and what drew you wanting to explain more from 1995 to last year. dr. mcpherson: i have no deep personal connection to the story, although chile is one of the first countries that i traveled to when i was sort of exploring in my early 20's, soy i spent a few months in the country, traveled to the north and south and loved it. it was during the first years when chilean democracy came back -- pinochet was gone, but i remember hearing about the colony of dignity, which was this concentration camp in the south of chile that was completely private, but now we know that contreras would send prisoners there to get tortured. there was a movie about this that came out a couple of years ago. in fact, sev

tim vickery reporting on an incredible match in south america. you can reach me on twitter. i'm @sipusey. from me and the rest of the team, thank you for watching and stay tuned right here on bbc news. hello. after a very wet day across parts of the uk on saturday, sunday promises to be a drier day, albeit with a lot of cloud and some misty, murky conditions. but, briefly, we have a weak ridge of high pressure extending across the uk. still some rain to talk about at first on sunday, particularly for eastern scotland, still on the heavy side. slowly that heavy rain pushes its way across northern scotland, and eventually becomes confined to the northern isles through the day. quite wet and windy here. but elsewhere, turning dry across scotland, largely dry across northern ireland, england and wales, but with a lot of cloud and some mist, some patchy fog through the morning. that will be slow to clear, poor visibility in places, so any brightness really at a premium on sunday. but away from the northern isles, it's mainly dry, mild, 9—12 celsius the top temperature. and then

or south america are saying like we'll make this deal all of them are all everybody sort of stepping to really that's part of the concern that we have with mexico sort of thing this agreement that we have the mexico is actually a better situation most mexicans are going back because the conditions there are better the economy is going better many u.s. companies are opening up there and going abroad which it's been the issue right if you could make things here we should but this whole close out of both that we have on tariffs and that we have on workers so to keep us from being able to produce things in this country and that's the problem in this from. it really hurt me when i saw that headline the just shy of 70000 migrant children were detained in the u.s. and that's just 2990 when finished with 2000. why is that number so high just be alarming to anyone if we consider the amount of numbers that they have people who are actually appearing at the border every day. right so when we say detained that doesn't mean that they're now currently i mean they just went through the system so ba

smith: so, when the native people are brought from south america, they bring with them sugarcane. rumthe base ingredient for is usually the waste products from sugar. that is the base ingredient usually. >> and how is it being made at this time? prof. smith: you would take whatever kind of waste products you had, talking about sugarcane that might have been damaged when it was eaten by rats, or damaged in a hurricane, or the molasses taken out of the sugar as it is being turned into granular sugar, and they are taking all these waste products together, mixing them together with some water, some source of yeast, allowing fermentation to take place for maybe two weeks as the sugar becomes alcohol. then there put in a closed copper still, where you are able to extract most of the alcohol, and only some of the water, creating a more concentrated alcoholic beverage. >> who is drinking it? prof. smith: everybody. a lot of the rum is being consumed on the plantations where it is produced, especially early on, the producers are the consumers. that's an important point. it suggests to us,

of south america. none of the ambassadors who received this cable from washington did anything about it which is very rare in diplomacy. the ambassador to uruguay feared for his life if he wagged his finger at the generals, chile worried that pinochet might take as an insult any interference that he was contacted with such plots. five days before the assassination, kissinger ordered that no further action be taken on this matter. back in chilly in the same summer of 1976, contreras, acting through his chief of operations, entrusted the hit on letelier to michael townly, an american-chilean explosives expert. and this is michael townly with his wife. townly worked with troops. recruits received training in coding and code breaking, weapons handling, explosives and martial arts. later the troops would be lined up and review them with his right arm crossed against his chest. these are teenagers. they wore black uniforms with white arm bands. hitler's brown shirts would have approved. his followers called

the cia backed coup in south america's poorest country bolivia it comes as brazil's most popular politician luis enough your lula da silva has been released from prison igniting hope the recent victories against neoliberalism in venezuela and mexico apart are in a sense in the latin american left joining me now from sao paolo is former president as cody defense counsel for let's take sara martin's one of the those responsible for taking his case to the u.n. and who has spent the past 4 years championing his case for that's good thanks for coming on the show what's the latest on your client lula. thank you it's an honor to be here in russia today so president lula actually was released from jail on friday he spent 580 days in an illegal imprisonment he should never been incarcerated he was in a solitary confinement he was. taken to jail and forbidden from running in $2800.00 alexion which he would have won had he been able to to run as the united nations. gave an interim to interim measures demanding that brazil allow him to run and to give interviews while in the elections brazil did not co

angry protests and widespread and rest he could lead demonstrating across south america they're calling for an end to corruption and social inequality some are alleging election fraud bolivia's president has already been toppled event as well as is in the midst of a power struggle and in chile hundreds of thousands of people are demanding constitutional and economic reform as well as a higher basic wage and affordable health care. the trade union flag that francisco is carrying is well worn it has been carried a loft at every strike if i party so sport workers. out of the flag maybe it could now be leading the workers into a new future. for you. president pinera has to go it's going to be difficult but we'll succeed. by marching for my children they're still young and i want them to have a better future to have the chance to go to college and find a good job i love all. conservative president sebastian pinera is the target of the people's anger his pro-business policies have led to strong economic growth but many people have been left behind income inequality is high a program of extens

the solution is to build terraces into the slopes, following the example of the incas in south america. >> [speaking foreign language] before we knew about building terraces, the soil on the slopes just used to get washed into the valley. there was no point using manure or fertilizer. but now, whatever we use stays where it's meant to be. so the crops on the terraces are growing faster, and we have better harvests. >> now all the mountain villages here have built terraces. it's a time-consuming process. the steps in the slope need to be at least 5 meters deep. once complete, the ground then needs to rest for 3 months. sometimes there are unexpected obstacles. farmers have stumbled across unmarked graves left from the genocide in 1994, which killed around a millionon people. >> [speaking foreign language] we found bodies under this field of people killed during the genocide, so we didn't dig any furtheher. there used to be a house here. presumably there was a massacre and they just dumped all the bodies under there. we don't dig terraces in an area like that. >> a few valleys further on

antigovernment protests are sweeping across parts of south america demonstrators in colombia have rejected the president's promise of a national conversation and have defied a curfew in the capital they're concerned about tax increases and a change to the pension system people in chile are demanding economic and social change the interior minister has made a plea for peace a day after protests and looting there and in bolivia demonstrations that began after allegations of vote tampering have now turned into calls for electoral reform politicians have agreed to hold new elections and talks to resolve the crisis al-jazeera sanchez begins our coverage from la paz was the protests in bolivia are not only confined to the streets it also reached the house of deputies the agreed to pass a bill that paves the way for new elections but it came after a heated debate that so legislators pointing fingers and hurling insults at each other. but some lawmakers they know elections can happen before the deaths of 32 believe are investigated and hundreds of detained protesters are freed deputy henrico data

america red banner mean it's. been said it can become one of them i mean the paranoid regarding the rebirth of socialists in the region pink tied for support and secondly the rebirth of for autonomy or independence in that sense i mean i mean the american foreign policy are you starting again it's a colonial policy towards the region or so for america i mean this this. and they feel that they have to take care of themselves and fear. in the true laughter of that's what was their responsibility i mean europe the africa japan asia the u.s. atlantic and the pacific i mean in terms of the solvent gone to so. this is a standard policy in american foreign policy to control and now they've lost control . you lost to the nigger i want the last of the cubans well i would love to argentinos never sure i'm just going to jump in here we're going to go to a short break and after that short break we'll continue our discussion about libya stay with arkie. please. play. lists lists lists. lists. and a very warm welcome to you wat

america he became a grave robber. america this shows how the scholarship of the time around $1800.00 and after had an obsession with collecting everything in order to study it and how the study of race which developed into racism has its roots in this time and he was one of. many who participated i know there. were progressive important minds but they were also products of their time which was shaped by nationalism racism and anti-semitism so where they really shining lights certainly where there is light there is also shadow. finally british band coldplay i have a brand new album i uphold every day life and normally they would follow this with a big well tool to promote it however with so much talk of climate change of people trying to reduce their carbon footprint thanks shelf plans for tour until they work out how to do it says sustainably so while we wait for that we just have the music this is a track from the new album cold. i . only fuck you i know when i. can go lend the milk only for. exposing injustice globa

a court in south america has —— a court in suriname, in south america, has sentenced president desi bouterse to twenty years in prison for the murder of fifteen of his political opponents in 1982. mr bouterse is in china on an official visit and will have two weeks to appeal against the conviction. he has previously denied the accusations. the iraqi prime minister is to submit his resignation mind ongoing anti—goverment protests in the country. the announcement from the prime ministers office comes after more than a0 people were killed on the bloodiest day since the protests began. protestors are demanding more jobs and an end to corruption. representatives from seven major uk political parties have taken part in a live televised debate. there were clashes over spending policies on immigration, the economy and brexit. the politicians also shared their plans to tackle security issues in the uk after the london bridge attack. three people have been injured in an attack inside a busy shopping street in the hague in the netherlands. dutch police say they are searching for the suspect. the inci

pinochet we talked to one of the most popular politicians in south america's richest country for geo jackson about overthrowing governments in latin america to washington london and brussels and award winning journalist greg palast explains our new liberalism born of western business schools as that's a revolution wherever the people of that in america have sought freedom and justice plus the director of oscar winning film still alice wash west with a flawless faultlines at the core of his new film for netflix. coming up at today's going on the ground 0 1st it was 49 years ago this month that salvador allende was inaugurated as president of chile the latin american country today is not only in the midst of an uprising against you know the broad. president sebastian pinera but witnessing solidarity protests for palestine after more u.k. armed violence in the middle east involving serial un resolution violator israel in the past 24 hours by india would die in office overthrown and replaced by anglo american backed dictator augusto pinochet and according to some leaders fighting global

we tried multiple times to reach combs in south america today. we have not heard back. live in santa rosa, cornell barnard. >>> happening this weekend, fire choked the bay area clos d. as half mathon in berkeley. eric thomas joining us now with the event taking place on sunday. eric? >> reporter: larry, the berkeley half marathon draws runners thousands of them from all over the bay area. it's been canceled before because of november's heavy rains. but until last year, it had never been canceled because of smoke in the air. >> it was a hard decision to make. we've never had to cancel a race before. >> the rationale was easy. an ominous choking brownish gray cloud of thick smoke descended on the bay area from a wildfire burning a couple of hundred miles away. >> that was the worst the bay area ever experienced. >> charlie should know. he's a meteorologist with the bay area air quality management district. the air was so bad that organizers of the berkeley half marathon had to call it off. >> last year it was purely a decision on health. it was unsafe for anybody, even pe

is what makes south. america big. number but not enough and they have. done what they did was baby. it's been rescued from the dumpster some more how's my. mother. kind of taking off. guests number 2 number of. people. i. mean i carried a map of the southern part of the ozone by the you. ask pete i don't buy mine but what good am i buying. nothing. and. to be able to muck out. the couple had been that people i don't mean that my niece and i can still get. our cool to see some of. my not because of me the glad i wanna sit out and maybe even a moment i am given a and begin monday evening thing i know i now. man i mean how much i've been pampered. yet if i keep. a little shows a. little bit. fail you should believe this. now but you know plus. the nasty stuff over your ass the way they are. nose your eyes. listen. to most of them i never thought i'd be singing in parliament with the poor i never dreamt of that where the words fail music speaks to short films about how music knocked down the police and inspire hope for a better life a.j. selects on al-jazeera. i think he was if you coul

in south america the destruction of the rain forest is a major problem now a digital warning system should help brazilian environmental research institute hi pam fight fire clearing. not only can smartphones warn about these fires they're also a weapon in the battle against deforestation because the quicker the fires are reported the quicker they can be out. sharing is caring can sometimes apply in the digital world to every piece of information that uses positon can help people directly unlike my last cell feed on instagram so what can i do personally to actively protect the environment and on the climate change there are tons of local projects and even apps that can help you do your bit if you that we. and especially interesting. it all started with the big cleanup dr sim beilin but putting out an online call to combat pollution locally was only the beginning for plan a. it see no no's that solving big problems requires big data. climate change is not one problem climate is a lot of the problems. and our they took photos actually of this complexity we use the data to pinpoint exactly the

12 months ago, after years of saving, they took the holiday of a lifetime to south america. during our trip we took around 20 flights. some pretty serious distances you have to travel to get anywhere, so at the time, given our budget and time, the only way we could do it really was to fly. before our trip i don't think we really thought about the environment at all. we were so excited about going to south america, it's been our dream since we met almost seven years ago. but, while on their trip, they saw a glacier that had receded because of a changing climate. so when they got home, they calculated their co2 emissions. 15, 16, 17 to mendoza, 18 to santiago, and then home. we put in all our flights, and we also put in all the bus journeys we did take. and the difference in the carbon emissions was really quite significant. i was actually astounded. it was like 15 tonnes of carbon that we created 79. that's nearly double the annual emissions of the average uk household for all activities, flying included. while being there made us realise that it probably wasn't the best thin

america as we start watching the hawks. but if. you. like that i got. with. the. world nobody watching the hawks i am tyro but for joining me to discuss the recent political battles in libya the fallout and how it affects other nations in the region is r t america producer and ph d. in latin american history of recovery about and coming to us from caracas venezuela as coordinating committee member of the black alliance for peace and freedom and thank your book but gentlemen both for joining me i want to start with you now what is the general sentiment you know on the ground in venezuela given that similar coup attempts of recently happened in that country and president trump you know issuing this one some would say a warning to venezuela nicaragua that they could be next. how do you feel what are they saying on the ground there. well people for the people are they know that this is their process and they also see solidarity with the people of bolivia they stand there with the people with the people believe today there was a

outside of south america. but for one month none of the ambassadors who received this cable from washington did anything about it. which is very rare in diplomacy. usually when you're given an order, you do it. the ambassador to uruguay feared for his life if he wagged his finger at the generals. the enjoy to chile worried that pinochet, quote, might well take as an insult any inference that he was connected with such assassination plots. five days before the letelier assassination, kissinger ordered, quote, that no further action be taken on this matter. back in chile in the same summer of 1976, contreras acting through his chief of operations pedro espinosa entrusted the hit on letelier on michael townley, a local chilean explosives expert. this is michael townley with his wife. townley worked with proto fascist youth shock troupes called fatherland and freedom. recruits received training in coding and code breaking, weapons handling, explodives and martial arts with nunchucks. review them with his right arm

out of south america. we'll be right back. i have one kid in each branch of the military, but i'm command central. i'm a father of four. my wife's currently deployed in iraq. i talk to my wife at least once a day, even though she's on the other side of the world. (announcer) they get a special rate on unlimited plans that they can mix and match. them being able to connect with me means everything. (announcer) and they also get a year of amazon prime on us, featuring tom clancy's "jack ryan." because the network more people rely on, gives you more. that's verizon. [happy ♪irthday music] ♪ don't get mad, put those years to work with e*trade. in the human brain, billions of nefor people with parkinson's, some neurons change their tune, causing uncontrollable tremors. now, abbott technology can target those exact neurons. restoring control and harmony, once thought to belost forever. the most personal technology is technology with the power to change your life. introducin♪ beep, beepdelivery, just in tim

america and live in colombia that's coming up after this short break stay with us. so what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have it's crazy the infantry should let it be an arms race is on offer and spirit dramatic development only to be engaged i don't see how that strategy will be successful very critical daryn to sit down and tom. welcome back the interim government of bolivia has accused the country's ousted leader even morale is of terrorism and the addition of all those who is currently in exile in mexico forced out the country after mass protests has been accused of masterminding a blockade that prevented food from entering the latin american nation government representatives claim to have recordings of the former leader taken from a protest protesters confiscated phone the voice the alleged to be part of morales is head advisor ways to shut down roads and also mentions returning to bolivia the bolivian foreign minister says the lawsuit goes against his status of political asylum while merola's himself has called the recording fabricated. i den

america's only at the indigenous president. h he clais he's a victimm off a civic coupe itit was the head of the army he was repeported as telling her al is that he had to resign internationally r reactions followed along extracted political lines are all this is a stalwartrt. of the latin amererican left. in washington s present on the trunk colder the preserervation of f democracy sending a signall to he said legitimate regimes venezuela and nicaragua. the stage crew that's how several governments and close allies of outgoing president able more alice have described the events that led to his resignation. for nicholas mother will venezuela's president the alleged removal of a fellow socialist leader sets a dangerous precedent. i say yes to raising the flag in defense of democracy in bolivia to rejecting this could be taught and to protecting the life of our brother evil moralis who is in danger. in a show of solidarity cuba peru and mexico have also condemned what the view is an attack on believe in democracy. a sentimement e

it's effectively the champions league final for south america, on the bbc sport website, and app — we have a selection of the best goals scored by both in this year's tournament. it's been complicated build up to the final — as adam wild reports. reaching the final can patients, just ask the brazilian side in 1981 it was their last victory. 10,000 strong party making the team wait just a little longer. those opponents, not quite such scenes, this is them leaving buenos ares the reigning champions in the fence they did turn out had seen it all before. but as both sides remarkable journey nears its end, the final destination has not always been quite so clear. for the second year in a row, the final has travelled. last years clashes between fans of river plate and juniors meant the second leg of the final was played in madrid. this year, political unrest in chile has forced the final itself to make the journey to peru. but now here it is, south america's biggest club game breaking away from tradition and this year, a single one—off match will decide the destination of the trophy. pe

protests against the president had been turning increasingly violent. 0ur south america correspondent katy watson gave us her assessment. just today we have seen so many changes, so many developments ending in the resignation of evo morales, a man who came to power nearly 1a yea rs man who came to power nearly 1a years ago promising massive changes for the poorest country in south america. he achieved social inclusion. i was there last month when people said they felt proud to bea when people said they felt proud to be a bolivian and the economy was going at a good pace. but his democratic credentials were what concerned many people. he lost a referendum asking whether he should stay on and be able to run for another term but he reject that, even though he lost. at that point people started to feel that 0k, even though he lost. at that point people started to feel that ok, this man wants to stay in power for longer than he is able to and he needs to go. and that is what we have seen, despite the fact that evo morales said he would call for fresh elections, the armed forces say he need

to south america with the violent protests in chile turmoil in bolivia and major political shifts in argentina and brazil the plight of another latin american country has somewhat shifted out of the spotlight but venezuela continues to struggle decades of political mismanagement u.s. sanctions and galloping inflation have made simply getting by a daily challenge nurses and medical staff are the latest to voice their opposition against socialist president nicolas maduro and his policies. and dozens of nurses and health care workers gathered in caracas to call for what they say is a more dignified salary as that country deals with hyper inflation. venezuela's central bank reports the believe are fell in value by 90 percent this year as a result these nurses say they can barely afford to eat and the hospital conditions have deteriorated here one nurse shows off his broken shoes to the media and these nurses say many more feel their pain. and president nicolas maduro talks a lot defends the venice one government a lot in other countries he is massacring his own people that is why many pe

america as we start watching the hawks. like you that i got. with. well nobody watching the hawks i am tyrrel with her and joining me to discuss the recent political events in the libya the fall out and how it affects other nations in the region as r.t. america producer and ph d. in latin american history of ricotta rivera and coming to us from caracas in venezuela as coordinating committee member the black alliance for peace that freeman thank you vote but gentlemen both for joining me i want to start with you not but what is the general sentiment you know on the ground in venezuela given that similar coup attempts of recently happened in that country and president trump you know issuing this one some would say award. to venezuela nicaragua that they could be next. how do you were they saying on the ground there. well people are 4 or 5 people are they know that this is their process and they also see in solidarity with the people of bolivia they stand there with the people with the people believe you today there was a mass

tim vickery, the bbc‘s south america football correspondent, told me it was an extraordinary match. well, maybe manchester united fans will remember their champions league victory over bayern munich in 1999. it was a little bit similar. river plate didn't only have one hand on the title. they had one hand and maybe three or four fingers of the other hand on the title. i think plenty of flamengo fans are still, a few hours afterwards, thinking well, how on earth did we win that one? what an extraordinary game of football, so dramatic, and i suppose in a way it vindicates the decision by the authorities over here to move to this idea of having a one—off final on a neutral ground. the tradition over here, simon, has always been two—legged final, home and away. now, the switch has come really for two reasons. one is commercial. this game happened at a good timeslot for europe. bbc two showed it in england, in britain, for example. also, there was a hope, i think, that a neutral ground would throw up an excellent spectacle, and we certainly got a dramatic spectacle. the flipside of t

boost that isn't in southern africa and south america and the united states. to be highly aspirational and the assumption being with the antibodies that we need to induce. it makes a lot of them only after a person but only if they had the virus two years or longer. and with those neutralizing episodes for what they enter boat - - with a combined two so the challenge put some in the form of the interview jetton and a lot of studies are going on right now so what about a vaccine cracks clarity told you 31 percent is not good enough i don't think there is a chance of the world would ever get a 98 percent hiv vaccine like for mesial but i would settle 50 or 60 percent together with the non- printable modalities and there was a model that shows the other 50 percent even if you did status quo and nothing else you could dramatically impact. 's on my last slide is that we have an enormously to maximally utilize them and to implement them in with new treatment modalities and the game changing. and in baltimore in the united states and globally. [applause] >> antes ext