this brought together government industry leaders in academia to discuss opportunities to join forces to threats to our nation's critical infrastructure. i want to thank all of those who joined us from academia, government and private sector who participated and sign up for concrete actions to cyber security challenges. across every procedure structure from transportation to communication and selling others, a single attack widespread consequences. can have i look forward to working with leaders in the digital realm we stand up to this. but, it is not just risks to our prosperity, privacy and infrastructure we have to worry about and that's why we're here . our democracy itself is in the crosshairs. free and fair elections are the cornerstone of our democracy has become clear they are the target of our adversaries who seek to sow discord and undermine our way of life. i fully share the intelligence community assessment and ask for those that may interfere with our election and other threats. our adversaries shown the willingness and capability to interfere in our elections. dhs has an

curb has all the power to industry and academia to support its efforts. equally troubling are the multinational corporations inadvertently or tacitly providing the technological research behind china's unethical use of ai. cooperation with beijing has consequences, not just for democracy and human rights, but also for the strength of our partnerships abroad. if our allies and partners turn it5g platforms with china, will inject serious risk into our communication and intelligence sharing capabilities. our collective security must not be diminished by a narrow sighted focus on economic opportunity. russia has made its intentions equally clear, calling ai the future of humanity and describing technology as the key to supremacy in the world stage. moscow has demonstrated its eagerness to use the latest free andies against open societies. we should not doubt their abilities on the battlefield either. i mentioned ukraine earlier and we expect russia to continue to deploy high-tech ai capabilities in combat zones. the united states will offer a vision of ai tha

lines, how do we encourage academia to develop those tools? this could come from government sources, private sources like research grants. i think this is an area of rights for more investment and funding. here, they need access to real-world data. this is going to require operation from companies. orthere is an approach providing an alternative, how do ?e audit that new approach can we say it is worth the investment that we are putting into it? that is going to require some sort of cooperation. so how do you enable access to real-world data, maintain privacy and protecting these companies profits? one of the things we think is important in this discussion is we don't go overboard. consequences the of engaging in over promoting democratic activity, democracy within russia has a much larger downside. essentially, we run the risk of being hypocritical. if we prioritize the defense of activities, make it harder for disinformation to succeed in united rates, that, we think has the most promise for being able to shape the decision-making. finally,

i want to thank those who joined us from academia, government and private sector, all who participated to conquer the participated to conquer the challenges of cyber security. free and fair elections are the cornerstone of our democracy. it has become clear they are the , toet of our adversaries sow discord and undermine our way of life. 'se intelligence community past efforts and those today to , ourfere with our election adversaries have shown they have the willingness and capability to interfere in our elections. withas worked closely state and local election officials throughout the country , by offering a range of services to identify weaknesses in their election systems. ,hether it is offering no-cost voluntary technical assistance for best practices for securing or providing advice on ransomware and distractive malware, our department stands ready to provide tailored support based on each tourist diction's needs. i'm pleased to inform you that today, all 50 states, the district of columbia and over 900 local governments have partnered with dhs to bolster the resilience of the na

and along those lines how do we encourage and fund academia to fund those tools? this could come from government sources or private sources like foundations. research grants, i think this is an area that is really ripe for more investment and funding. >> the twist here will really be in order to do this research properly, rigorously they need access to real world data. this is going to require corporation from companies. if there's an approach to detect and remove disinformation or provide an alternative narrative, how do we, for lack of a better word, audit that new approach? can we say it is effective and it is worth the investment that we're putting into it? and that is going to require some sorts of cooperation. so how you enable access to real world data while maintaining user privacy and protecting these company's profits. one of the things that we think is really important in this discussion is essentially don't go overboard. prioritizing defensive activities over punishments. we think that the consequences of engaging in overt promoting democratic activiti

people pay to work in academia. there's another angle to it which is i would strongly whether youeryone are an artist or politician or journalists, you should try to learn programming. programming is actually fun. building toys. we are leaving a few minutes rightso discuss human issues in the democratic republic of congo. adoptionsrnational - ersight activities, and

is that theappens idea begins to circulate, .ypically in academia it reverberates through academia, it is picked up by the media, steven spielberg makes it into a movie. hollywood,ant in academia, and the media. it has three megaphones. that is how big lies get disseminated. people on the same side of the i/o find a theme to be useful, attractive, believable, and they run with it. host: you are interested not films, butumentary films as well to challenge this? guest: often ideological onlyges are translated not by macklemore. ideas come through romantic comedies, thrillers, the common is that theies businessman is the bad guy. it is shown in every movie. you get the idea that if you see a white male business man he will be the villain. host: how far are we from dinesh d'souza's romantic comedy? toe intoam dipping my the water. in the next few years i will be putting out feature films along with documentaries. i am trying to make a different kind of movie that hollywood typically makes. host: you're looking to make this book into a documentary? guest: movies are different than books. th

>> i thought so, because there are many excellent people in press and academia and foreign service, and one can be astute and dispassionate and not have illusions about solving every problem on the planet or fine- tuning stop waziristan -- south waziristan. one can have a limited engagement and can be more productive. good >> you love that about the foreign general. you say that you worked with him several times on the essay about international security. why were you doing that? >> that is a magazine i was a co-founder of at harvard university in 1976, and working with general taylor shaping the essay was an extraordinary experience, but it also provoked me to wonder how somebody of that stature and brilliance and ability could have gotten vietnam so wrong. but is not my conclusion, but the book had come of the previous year. >> later on, he used to be the chief. the admiral is considered -- who says so? >> the common opinion in the navy to this day. his ability, his competence in reshaping the navy. >> here is one -- were you listening? is that why you heard that? >> that example is th

you might look at academia and the challenges conducive to the 21st century. what we generate now is the output of what we need for the economic opportunities that are there. but governments are never going to be -- rhetoric -- under its current structure, the institution that is ahead technologically because we just don't allow technology to be deployed in real time. >> what he has done, and i have to give you credit, is an area where it is the architecture of our satellites overhead or an area where we are up to her eyeballs in the next generation telecom. it's called 5g. the equivalent of moving from radio to television and all the things we call the internet of things rely on those systems. he has dug in deep. we are because we get a chance to see this from where a lot of the cutting-edge research is being done, which comes out of the dod world and the intel world. we have earned some credibility for thou colleagues that if we come up with some ideas and some stay tuned, seven these areas are going to post economic and security challenges beyond anything w

the intelligence community, with all the communities we serve, and increasingly with our partners in academia and the private sector. the reality is the threats we diverse, tooe too dangerous, and too all-encompassing for any of us to tackle alone. as you heard, i last left doj's leadership back in 2005, and at the time i think it's there to say we were still in many ways building up our national security capabilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks, and we had made a lot of progress by the time i left, but coming back now, i see a before and after with a break in the private sector that jumps out at me more, and i see firsthand the strides, really incredible strides, that have been made toward keeping people safe from all kinds of harm come from an increasingly wide array of bad guys. in some ways, for me, it's a little bit like the experience that i'm sure a lot of you have had of seeing the child of an old friend. the last time i saw you, you were like, this tall. when did you get so big? when did you get so grown up? of course, i would start thinking, even using that analogy makes me wond

academiaer i did in should also have some dimension to reach out to people who were interested in the era the way i had been when i was growing up. it seemed there should be more bridges between academia and the public than there are and one of the key places that can happen was at battlefields where you can make a connection to the past in a way that you can't. eastern, the4:00 1967 film "the testimony of truth." i used to come home from school very happy with all of my folks. 15 of them including an unborn baby have been killed. only i am left. are victimsbabies of these american air raids. >> at 6:45 p.m., historians discuss health care policy since world war i. >> trumans would have been universal. thes showed a majority of public come up to 75%, supported the idea of health insurance for all via the social security system. >> explore our nations passed on american history tv all weekend, every weekend, only on c-span3. morning, washington examiner reporter anna the processeviews on the u.s.-mexico border wall. then, former assistant secretary of state heather conley talks about t

more clear eye perspective from academia and silicon valley, let's not be naÏve. there is a real concerted effort to get into the insider ecosystem, but also realizing without the benefit of foreign win this race.ot attractingh has been the best talent in the world and keeping it. there are so many stories of the space race. we have to have a very nuanced, clear i approach to this. >> i only have nine and a half hours with this panel. i have a slew here -- one at the very back. one in the middle. the first one at the mike, wins. gentleman in the back? >> one of the common refrains we have received across the leaders dois that not always fully understand or appreciate exactly what new technology can and cannot do. ,f you were going to go back what would you do differently to give tech a bigger seat at the decision-making table? there is the one example they have at the state department. just talking about the evolution. i have not seen it through. so, we have an advisory board. traditionally, it has been used for arms control. i approach the secretary last year and

moreemed there should be bridges between academia and the public then there are. and one of the key places that can happen i knew from experience was at battlefields make a connection to the past in a way. >> sunday, at 4 p.m. eastern on real america, the 1967 film testimony of truth detailing civilian injuries and death caused by u.s. bombing. >> i used to come home from school very happy. but all 13 of them have been killed. only i am left. even little babies are innocent victims of these american air. >> historians have discussed health care policy since world war i. >> truman was universal and it would have covered everyone. the majority of the public supported the event -- the idea of health insurance for all the of the social security system. >> explore our nations passed on american history tv come all weekend, every weekend. only on c-span3. >> i was on an airstrip in the remote jungles of good llama -- guyana having just concluded a congressional tour. we were ambushed on that airstrip and a shot. -- and shot. the congressman was shot 45 times and died on

government and in academia that china is engaged in a peaceful one buzz phrase. and that it simply seeks to take its rightful place one buzz phr. in thet it community of nations and that we simply have to accept this. that is one possible scenario for china. but it is not the only scenario and the in the community of nations idea that o become a responsible stakeholder, another buzz phrase, in the international system is only one possible outcome. i think the real pattern of chinese behavior is incredibly aggressive and assertive. in thee building bases south china sea that are on a good day only three inches above water. they are today mapping the seabed of the indian ocean. and they are not doing it to find fish. they want to know where they can put their submarines when they develop an undersea fleet. this is an aggressive development. there is a panel on china tomorrow. what we require is a comprehensive american strategy. the president has raised the ofues of chinese violations their obligations under international trade agreement, their piracy of intellectu

. -- from academia to amateur biologists. they have very different cultures. while the fbi's responsibility is maintaining homeland security, we understand that any type of security program has to assure that there is not a negative impact that impedes research in all of these different fronts. that, in itself, would represent a national security risk. there's the risk that you're now andding viable researcher some of the entrepreneurial efforts going on as well. so it is striking that balance. there was a reported 2000 sex of -- there was a report in 2006 that instigated best practices that looked at how do screen your customers and make sure that that risk is addressed. the fbi took the recommendation and ran with them and conducted outreach to these companies. although they do their due diligence, if they come up with their red flag, what did they do? by conducting our outreach, fbi engaged our wmd core leaders. these are special agents that are dedicated to wmd matters. there are 76 field offices across the u.s.. the companies now know that, if they come a

it seems in america we don't value academia, we don't value experience, we don't value intelligence. if we took different approaches, maybe we could help solve this problem. host: if they agree with you and want to solve this problem, what would you recommend? caller: the easiest thing is media muslim, go to your local mosque or your local -- you would be surprised. even on xbox live playing with someone. if you have this narrative of watching television and , yourent news programs will be stuck in the box. people are cornerstone experts. you never actually talk to actual muslims. people were just regular americans. raise our trying to children and pay our mortgage. he would find that we have more things in common than we have different. i served in the marine corps in quantico. tours, one of the clinton and one in the bush administration. host: you flew presidents around? caller: i help keep the helicopters moving. host: in missouri, republican, john, good morning. caller: good morning. i have a quick comment. --ould watch judy rudolph judy woodruff, who comes on television and even

. >> and of course there are no rivalries in academia. the fact is, just as you say -- psychologically, there is something that is not presented in the right way. how you turn arts and humanities into a muscular set of terms is very intriguing. that does not mean it should be exactly the same, but how you can have a strong society without strong arts in society i do not know. >> i am from the washington national opera. i think in addition to the concept of sort of high and low culture and relevancy, there is the issue of orders. i am constantly telling my staff that the whole public does not see the cultural borders between high and low or in our case opera or musical theater or even pop music, the way we have generally treated them. in making a difference, we go to in making a difference, we go to the actual do you see any kind of initiatives, in terms of addressing this miscommunication or disconnect with the large percentage? i remember being asked about "la boheme" on broadway. she immediately said it was not an operatic experience. i

we need cooperation between the private sector, government, and academia. language technology companies promoting research in language activity in key areas such as emerging markets and cyber crime. expanding education and career education and training specialized workers such as law enforcement officers and the intelligence communities in targeted skills. we are committed to educating our member companies to alleviate the crisis. we cannot do it on our own. we will need collaboration between translation service companies, government, and academia. we welcome the opportunity to expand on this testimony in more detail. we also appreciate the invitation from the previous panel to collaborate with the private sector. we are definitely open to that and that conversation. thank you for the opportunity to testify and i am happy to answer any questions you may have. >> thank you very much, mr. lawless. dr. goodman, please continue with your statement. >> we and mr. the fulbright program on behalf of the department of state and the department of defense -- we admin

i really withdrew fulltime from academia a number of years ago, because i had a passionate interest in entrepreneurship, in building and enterprise, which struck me as the core american experience. so i've been teaching at georgetown, however, one or two courses a year for the past 15 years, in foreign policy. but at the same time, being interested in creativity and peak performance of organizations, i spent a lot of time with big multinational enterprises. >> your third illusion, and we've kind of talked about this -- >> well don't we have examples and examples time and time? henry kissinger, which we mentioned is an arch example of an emergency man and indeed a superstar in foreign policy. can anyone say that the would- be fine-tuning of those years had long-term benefits? detente with the soviet union struck me as extraordinarily shortsighted, in that the soviets persisted in shipping weaponry to north vietnam that was killing americans, that they kept on building their ss- 18 icbms and indeed biological weapon programs. there was very little to show for detente. and a similar misin

it includes gathering information through academia and visiting professors. gathering information by rerouting the internet. china telecom has rerouted entire lines of data. they do so selectively and not wholesale. the chinese also engage in nontraditional targets because they see their security as comprehensive. we have multiple cases of the chinese going after plants. i don't mean companies, i mean crops. in 2016, they went after the dupont and monsanto corn. in 2018, they went after biosciences rice. >> what does that mean? >> in multiple cases, people were stopped at u.s. airports, their luggage was examined and they had acquired seeds, seedlings, and the plants themselves. the chinese see food security as part of comprehensive national power. we don't tend to think about food security, and they do. and finally the issue of influence operations, nontraditional methods and targets can be highlighted. i would note that it is a rare day when the nation magazine, the heritage foundation, and the chronicle of higher education agree with each other. there is a

the talent being academia, industry, centers for innovation around the country where we can attract the best people, bring command, futures allowing ecosystem to develop. the purpose of futures commission will be twofold, not just about the modernization enterprise, but having a group of people that can look forward into thethe purpose of futures commission will be future and it the threat environment and look like, what the strategic environment may look like, and then think through how do we adapt to that. what are the material solutions we need to bring to bear to deal with that. we need to draw top talent from around the country. when you get to the material piece of army future's command, you need to draw on that top engineers, folks working on lasers, directed energy, hypersonic, whatever the case can be come to tell you the availability of technology, horizons. too often, one of the shortcomings in terms of a major program is we have said we want these types of requirements and they were well beyond the reach of what technology was in any reasonable amount of time or money to be

years, take r courses, basically pay to be -- work in academia. here is another angle to it, which is, i strongly encourage every single person in this room, whatever you do in your life, whether an artist, politician or a journalist, you programming.o learn now programming, programming is actually fun, like a computer just you don't shoot at people, you build toys in a virtual space. but it also changes your hinking and you start thinking in a way more organized way, you procedures ing with and with four loops and so on, here. it a bit too far i'm sure you would not lose your urrent way of thinking, but it will enrich your thinking. i think this is really important, not only because it because d not only there are great jobs out there nd not only because ai is becoming way more in computers becoming thms, are more important in society, which eans we are surrounded by products and services that are un by software, so understanding the language of software will enable you to therstand those entities of basically ai overloads, it will allow you to u

with academia. i can get back to you as far as whether we met with the trade commission. >> that would be helpful. we are trying to work through the concept of more on the retail spautce of data security. data security is data security regardless of who is harmed in the process. data security is national security at large. so that would be enormously helpful. let me ask you a question,ist probably off topic but i can't help myself. one of the dark sides of encryption is someone comes in and incrypts you stuff you didn't want it incrypted and they won't get it back to you unless you fork over bit coins them in a dark market. what is it the committee needs to understand about that ransom ware concept that's going on currently? data security is data security ms. hess: yes, sir. it's an increasing problem we're seeing and investigating on a regular basis. certainly to exercise hygiene is important. to be able to access the information is important to be able to talk to each other about what solutions mi

don't find ways to declassify more this information and get it out to american businesses and american academia. i have started a series of roadshows and we have done 11 of them, where i always take a republican senator partner, usually senator rubio, and along with the director or deputy director of national intelligence and senior levels of fbi and dhs, and bringing groups of business leaders, venture capitalists, academics, to share in a one-day classified reading, some of the challenges china presents and some of the tactics they deploy. we need to send warnings out and a better way. second, we need a short-term strategy. here, i think we need a lot of work. i have seen very little articulate development from the administration on that short-term strategy. i would acknowledge that the trump administration has done the right thing, vis-a-vis china, setting the -- in saying the status quo is not working, but if it is not working, he has got to offer an alternative. the challenges of an emerging china have not only been counted to the united states, but had been counted -- but have been counte

the government, the private sector academia, to shape policy that will have a meaningful impact on our national security. as stated by former secretary of state george schultz "deterrence is not synonymous with nuclear or mutual assured destruction. it can and is exercised in many different ways through nonnuclear military forces, economics, reliance is -- alliances and coalitions." of course, we could not have this credible strategic deterrent today if it were not for the men and women both in uniform and in civilian clothes who conduct and contribute to our strategic deterrence mission day in and day out. across all areas, under the seat and in geosynchronous orbit they are making contributions to our national security 24-7, 365 days a year. i could not be more proud of them and the work that they are doing. i hope that you have the same sentiment. thank you for this opportunity and i look forward to your questions. [applause] >> thank you. very interesting comments. thank you to chairman huntsman to frank and very for the invitation to moderate. we will spend a few minutes unpacking

to work inthey pay academia. another angle to it, which is, i would strongly encourage every single person in this room, whatever you do in your life, you should try to learn programming. programming is fun. like a computer game. you don't shoot at people, but you build droids into virtual space. it changes your thinking. you start thinking in an organized way, start thinking with procedures and with loops. [laughter] i'm sure you would not lose your current way of thinking, but it will enrich your thinking. i think this is important, not only because it is fun and there are great jobs out there, and becomingbecause ai is more important in the society, which means we are surrounded by products and services that are run by software. understanding the language of software will enable you to understand those entities of our ai overload better, but it will also allow you to understand how successful people think. among the most successful people recently, there is a huge overrepresentation of nerds and geeks who prog

and only if we do in academia come to leave academia out, that's where i'm at, dealing with tenured professors, but if we come together through academia, if we come together we can address these issues. >> if i could just add, a different note, i think the recent zika event highlights the challenge of our government respond to these kinds of events. that is that you have to have congress appropriate money to do this. so the fact of able to do an internship the budget, pace of movement across, it's something that quite traumatic traumatic as well as disrupted the agency that's involved. it certainly wasn't the case with hhs with zika but had to shuffle money around to get appropriation. it's interesting where this thing called the disaster relief fund. every year we put money into a fund that, based on the presidential declaration, that money can then be used. it's already appropriated and everybody knows that all disasters are local, so i think policies should you understand that the flood in -- could be a tornado in kansas tomorrow, but that might be set aside for those kinds of legitimate em

when i mention it, especially when i mention it to colleagues in academia they say, oh my god. we lost you. [laughter] michal: and it is very bad. but what i think they keep forgetting is in fact humans are great at predicting intimate traits, determining intimate traits of other people based on their faces. we are so good at it that we kind of do not realize we are doing it all the time. let me give you an example. -- is an intimate traits, gender. emotions are intimate psychological traits. we can very quickly detect other people's emotions just buy a quick glimpse on their face, even when they are trying to hide that emotion we are still able to detect it. think about race. like about genetic issues, there are certain disorders we can recognize by looking at some base face. -- someone's face. another genetic expression of genes is recognizing that somebody is the child of somebody else. when you say, you look like your father, you are actually saying i see through your face your genome. i see it is similar to the genome of this other guy, and he seems to be your father. it i

we will work hand in hand with our industrial base, national labs, and academia. we will work with our allies and partners from asia to the middle east to europe to broaden the shield. from japanese co-development of a new interceptor to our work with nato to counter shared missile threats. like us, our allies and partners have recognized the threat. with us, they have and will share the burden of answering it. in a time of great power competition, we will uphold our solemn duty, just as we have done in the past. we will defend the homeland, our deployed forces, and our allies and partners. we will deter potential adversaries and create the diplomatic space to solve complicated problems. i'll close with president kennedy's words from 1962. "the greatest danger of all would be to do nothing." today's capabilities are dramatically different but the logic remains the same. that's why president trump has made missile defense a top national security priority. directing this review in the first week of his administration, along with vice president pence, he has elevated

and for the organization of this togetherringing academia and the private sector indeal with issues that are many ways overwhelming in the state of the world. i would love to be able to participate with you in the days ahead as you work through and talk about the issues we are challenges we have to reach in order to provide policymakers and our president with the information they need to make decisions. risk to askat of a someone who has served in the united states senate to provide a message to you. privilege once recognized on the senate floor to speak. there is no limit to how long we can talk. think,ere i go, people let's hope this is not a filibuster. about my third speech in the united states senate. my speechwriter, who went on to become george w. bush's speechwriter, after i walked off the senate floor for the third time, i said, how do you think we are doing? how do you think i am doing, was the question. he said, fine, but you get near the end and rush to the finish. why? i said, yeah. just came from the house of representatives and we have a five minutes limit. about four minu

academia. within the government. i think this is critical to continue to attract our brightest and best. sen. burr: are you familiar with nsa 21? lt. gen. nakasone: yes, mr. chairman, i am. sen. burr: can you briefly comment on your views on that initiative, which is to prepare a more efficient and effective nsa? lt. gen. nakasone: nsa 21, as i understand it, is the largest organization of the agency since 2000 and that is significant if that 80% of the agency has been hired since 9/11 . it was designed to address a number of changes in our environment, changes to our networks, changes to our budget. i would say to date, it has been substantiated at the end of 2017 wantf confirmed, i would to take a look, evaluate what has been done, look at what has been successful, and continue that dialogue with the committee. sen. burr: you have a commitment to do that. with that, my time is expired. vice chairman? >> thank you. general, thank you for your service. one of the things this committee prides itself on is our strong w

bloom, compared the tyranny of feminism in academia to -- he was writing at a time when women accounted for 10% of college tenured faculty. it is worth looking back at what was considered annoyingly outrageously politically correct in the 1980's, the last time we have this debate. having to -- not being able to call indigenous people " indians" or use terms like african-americans. adding women or people of color to the western curriculum, not making gay jokes are using "retart" as the next set. new words stick in your throat the way we are used to talking and thinking natural and normal. by definition, and then the new terms and concepts that have social utility stick and those that don't fall away. if you go back to the 1970's, ms stuck around and women with a y didn't. i hope that someday we will look thatand marvel gender-neutral protons ever seen like an existential threat. i also don't think it is clear that that might not happen because, there are plenty of places that have indeed dialed back cosmopolitanism and reinstated patriarchy in the name of staving off chaos. they seemed l

brian: i want to ask you about academia. nicholas brady was a senator and secretary of the treasury. [video clip] >> -- on the constitution of the united states. >> i come from 30 years in the banking business. and though you don't hear the term anymore, i was always taught the best loan you could make was a character loan. -- beyondooked behind hard numbers and took a leap of faith and counted on the character and strength of the individual involved. brian: this man comes from the republican party, paid money for this course, does that matter? has he tried to steer you in a certain direction? john: no. we had one piece of advice from neck when the money came through -- nick when the money came through. i asked him, mr. brady, thank you for your generosity. what should we do with your money? he said, t common sense -- teach common sense. it was wonderful advice that hugeed us hugely way -- leeway. he has never tried to tell us, do this, do that, hire this person. .e maintains a lively interest he is in his upper 80's now tha

there are very few places where we go where we're at the table with the government and with academia and industry. for reasons never quite clear to me there aren't a lot of forums where that happens. but it's so important. that dialogue is really what shapes public needs so we understand public needs, and so they understand our capabilities as well as our challenges, especially in the supply chain and our ability to hire. i guess i don't hear the angst personally anywhere that i go. i think in general, me more -- the more we talk the better, the more we engage the better, the more we shape the future together the better. >> i agree it's a red herring but i wanted to put the elephant in the room from the go in case -- lest we avoid talking about it. ow let's move on to -- i'm sorry, eric. >> strategic supply chain manager. steve: let me turn now to a different question and that is where you may see or anticipate in our dealing a tension between industry 4.0 which is sort of the 20th century industrial resource we need if you will among them or the vision of 20th century industrial cap

the hub of us to work we put -- work with academia to find the best and brightest to help us look at how to we apply these algorithms into our weapon systems. y the cloudndationall architecture. if we can't get the army to the cloud, the standards and formats of the data will not move seamlessly from a system to system. this has become a big effort by us and the leadership team to make sure the appropriate resources focus and attention to move forward. the network is our top six investment portfolios. that's as much the types of telecommunication systems will have as well as in the space domain. the army is investing in satellites. from people to materiel, it has been a monumental effort for the army for the last three years. sen. blackburn: we see it as having to be a monumental effort for dod in total, as well as for the air force and the army. we see building the systems as being a priority. the interoperability and network capacity in those systems is being vital to 21st century warfare. i would make one comment. you mentioned recruiting and retention. yes, we are quite concerned

the second big inflection point was moving from academia to the think tank world. that happened because i got married. my husband was in new york city and i needed to move, so i got a job at the council on foreign relations. that is where i spent the following 26 years of my career before i was so fortunate to join everyone here at hoover. that is my trajectory. in terms of my book, "the world according to china," a companion book to the book i published in 2018, "the third revolution." that focused on xi jinping's transformation of china's domestic policy with a little it of chinese foreign policy. ambitions on the global stage. it is designed to engage the debate. it is quite polarized around what the rise of china signifies. it looks at what are xi jinping's ambitions? it is less about what he says this point than what the actions and patterns of behavior are. i read all 2000 pages of xi jinping's speeches that he has published. i think he has been in published -- in power for a .5 years now. -- in power for 8.5 years now. if you look through xi jinping's eyes a