. >> senator shelby, thank you. welcome, governor. would you describe the portfolio of the federal reserve as unprecedented, the size of it today? >> yes, senator. >> have you -- you're an economist and you've been on the fed and you also are the chairman of the economic advi advisers to president clinton. have you looking back in recent history, the last 30, 40 years, have you noticed any portfolio of the fed approaching what it is today? >> not at the federal reserve. >> that's what i mean. >> but other central banks. >> i'm asking about the federal reserve of the united states of america. >> no, i have not, senator. >> okay. would you describe what you're doing here by -- you call it quantitative easing, a term you make up, i guess, we all make up terms, but is that a stimulus for the economy, tool? you used the term "monetary tool", is that what you would call it to help augment, stimulate the economy? >> it is a tool that is intended to push down longer term interest rates. >> yes, ma'am. i understand that. >> and to stimulate de